Rapperswil-Jona

Infobox Swiss town
subject_name = Rapperswil-Jona
municipality_name = Rapperswil-Jona
municipality_type = municipality
imagepath_coa = Rapperswil-Jona CoA.svg|pixel_coa=


languages = German
canton = St. Gallen
iso-code-region = CH-SG
district = See-Gaster
lat_d=47|lat_m=13|lat_NS=N|long_d=8|long_m=49|long_EW=E
postal_code = 8640
municipality_code =
area = 1.74
elevation = 409|elevation_description=|highest=Eggwald, Wagen|highest_m=544|lowest=Busskirch|lowest_m=407
population = 24400|populationof = January 2005
website = www.rapperswil-jona.ch
mayor = |mayor_asof=|mayor_party=
mayor_title = |list_of_mayors =
places = Rapperswil, Jona, Bollingen, Busskirch, Curtiberg, Lenggis, Wagen, Wurmsbach
demonym =
neighboring_municipalities= Altendorf (SZ), Bubikon (ZH), Eschenbach, Freienbach (SZ), Hombrechtikon (ZH), Lachen (SZ), Rüti (ZH), Schmerikon, Tuggen (SZ), Wangen (SZ)
twintowns = Aalborg (Denmark), Bagno di Romagna (Italy)|

Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the "Wahlkreis" (constituency) of See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

Rapperswil is located on the east shore of Lake Zurich. It is sometimes referred to as "Rappi".

Present day

In 2003 the municipalities of Rapperswil and Jona merged to form a new political entity. "Rapperswil-Jona" has a population of 24,400 (17,100 from "Jona" and 7300 from "Rapperswil"). This makes it the second largest town in the canton after the capital St. Gallen itself.

The old city is dominated by the castle. The town is considered one of the most significant traffic junctions in the region. The "Seedamm", a dam across Lake Zurich, links Rapperswil with Pfäffikon on the other side of the lake. This connection has been part of old pilgrimage routes.

The town's main sights are concentrated in the centre and can be seen while strolling through the medieval alleys. The main sights of Rapperswil are its roses, the castle, the reconstructed wooden bridge to Hurden with its bridge chapel, and a Capuchin monastery. There are also a number of churches, chapels, and the nearby Wurmsbach Abbey.

Rapperswil is often referred to as the "town of roses" ("Rosenstadt") because of its extensive displays of roses in three designated parks. No less than 15,000 plants of 600 different kinds may be viewed between June and October. There is also a rose garden in the town center, accessible to blind and disabled people.

The Rapperswil castle probably dates to the 13th century. Perched atop a hill, it dominates the old town. Deer are kept on lands surrounding the castle. Since 1870 it has been home to the National Polish Museum, created by Polish émigrés (including the castle's lessee and restorer, Count Władysław Broel-Plater).

A wooden footbridge led across the lake of Zurich since early centuries. At a later stage the bridge was replaced a by a dam built out of stone. In 2001 a newly-built wooden footbridge was opened alongside the dam for the first 840 metres of the crossing. It was built in the same place as the original bridge and links Rapperswil with the nearby bridge chapel ("Heilighüsli") which was built in 1551.

The Capuchin monastery was established in 1606 and is situated at the lakeside. The monastery itself belongs to the citizens of Rapperswil rather than to the monks who inhabit it. This small monastery is still in use.

The main churches in town include the catholic church, the cemetery chapel ("Liebfrauenkapelle") and the Protestant church. In the surroundings of the town there are a number of churches. The Chapel St. Ursula in the nearby village of Kempraten was built around 885. The St. Dionysius Chapel, dedicated to Denis, the first bishop of Paris, was reconstructed in 1493 and attracts pilgrims. The nunnery at Wurmsbach (Wurmsbach Abbey) was established in 1259 and today houses an institute for girls.

There is a zoo ("Kinderzoo") located in Rapperswil which particularly aims at children. Rapperswil hosts also a university (University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil, HSR).

History

Infobox Former Country
native_name = "Herrschaft (Grafschaft) Rapperswil"
conventional_long_name = Lordship (County) of Rapperswil
common_name = Rapperswil|
continent = Europe
region = Alps
country = Switzerland
era = Middle Ages
status = Vassal
empire = Holy Roman Empire
government_type = Principality|
year_start = 13th century
year_end = 1798|
event_pre = Rapperswil founded
date_pre = 1200
event_start = Lordship established
date_start = "Uncertain"
event1 = Inherited by counts of
Habsburg-Laufenburg
date_event1 =
1309
event2 = Purchased liberty from
Austria
date_event2 =
"Uncertain"
event3 = Allied with Switzerland
in the Old Zürich War
date_event3 =
1440–46
event4 = Condominium of the
Old Swiss Confederation
date_event4 =
1458–1798
event_end = to the Helvetic
Republic's canton of Linth
date_end =
1798
event_post = Joined canton of St. Gallen
date_post =

|
p1 = Duchy of Swabia
image_p1 =
s1 = Canton of St. Gallen
image_s1 = |
capital = Rapperswil|
footnotes =

Settlements in the region of Rapperswil date back at least 5000 years. The castle was first mentioned in 1229. The town was founded when the nobility of Rapperswil moved from Altendorf across the lake to Rapperswil. The town was soon acquired by the Habsburg family who, in 1358, built the wooden bridge across the lake. Later on, the town bought itself free and made an alliance with the Swiss Confederation.

The counts of Rapperswil had possessions in what is now Eastern and Central Switzerland. They bore the title of count from 1233. The house of Rapperswil founded the Wettingen monastery in 1227 and the Wurmsbach one in 1259, and they acted as "Vögte" of Einsiedeln Abbey.The house of Rapperswil was extinct in 1283 with the death of Rudolf III of Rapperswil, after which emperor Rudolf I acquired their fiefs. The Grafschaft of Rapperswil proper passed to the house of Habsburg-Laufenburg by marriage of Elisabeth of Rapperswil, the sister of Rudolf III.

Because of its strategic location along important infrastructure the town grew rich because of flourishing trade. This allowed a certain degree of freedom which was ended with the formation of Swiss cantons by Napoleon. Rapperswil was at first part of the Helvetic canton of Linth. After 1803's Act of Mediation, it joined the canton of St. Gallen.

The locational advantage of the place attracted the national Circus Knie who built its headquarters in Rapperswil in 1919. The circus is now also responsible for the zoo and a museum.

External links

* [http://www.rapperswil-jona.ch Rapperswil] (official site)
*commonscat-inline
* [http://www.klosterrapperswil.ch Capuchin monastery] (monastery)
* [http://www.hsr.ch/en/ University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil, HSR] (university)
* [http://www.markstravelnotes.com/europe/western_europe/switzerland/canton_st_gallen/rapperswil/ A brief history of Rapperswil]