William H. C. Whiting

William Henry Chase Whiting (March 22, 1824 – March 10, 1865) was an U.S. Army officer who resigned after 16 years of service in the Army Corps of Engineers to serve in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

West Point and the officer corps

An outstanding student and graduate of English High School of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, by age 12 and Georgetown College (now University) in Washington, D.C., by age 16, Whiting, the son of Levi Whiting, a respected artillery officer, and Mary A. Whiting, continued to impress his instructors at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, where he graduated first in the class of 1845.

Appointed second lieutenant of engineers, Whiting was involved in constructing seacoast defenses in Maryland and Florida and surveying military routes and frontier forts in west Texas. Whiting served at Fort Davis, Texas. He was the first to survey the Big Bend area for the U.S. Army. Promoted to first lieutenant in 1853, Whiting was sent west, erecting harbor fortifications in San Francisco, California, and serving on the board of engineers for Pacific coast defenses until 1856. Lt. Whiting spent the five years before the Civil War improving rivers, canals, and harbors in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. He was promoted to captain, corps of engineers, in 1858.

Civil War

Captain Whiting resigned his commission February 20, 1861, in the weeks before Fort Sumter, and was appointed major of engineers, Confederate States Army. After improving defenses of Charleston harbor, Whiting served under Major General Joseph E. Johnston as chief engineer of the Army of the Shenandoah and at the First Battle of Bull Run. Promoted to brigadier general in August 1861, Whiting later commanded a division at Seven Pines, rapidly redeploying to support Stonewall Jackson in his second Valley Campaign, and returning by rail to the Peninsula with his division to fight in the battles at Gaines' Mill and Malvern Hill.

Assigned command of the more peaceful military district of Wilmington, North Carolina, Whiting remained in that post, briefly taking over Petersburg defenses as a major general in May 1864. By the beginning of 1865, Whiting found himself defending the district against forces under Maj. Gen. Alfred Howe Terry. Wounded and captured at Fort Fisher, from his prison cell Whiting requested investigation of his superior, General Braxton Bragg's actions. Whiting was angry that Bragg failed to use a division under Maj. Gen. Robert Hoke to attack the Federal rear while the fort was under assault.

Weakened by war service and the leg injury suffered at Fort Fisher, Whiting died in Fort Columbus, Governors Island, New York harbor. Whiting was buried in New York City. His widow, Kate, had his body exhumed in 1900 and moved to Oakdale Cemetery, Wilmington.

Whiting's brother Jasper died of illness in Confederate service, and brother Robert was in charge of Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York, during the 1860s.

References

* Boatner, Mark Mayo III, "The Civil War Dictionary".
* Cullum File #1231, U.S. Military Academy, West Point, New York.
* [http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/WW/fwhew.html Biography at Handbook of Texas Online]
* [mailto:[e-mail] William Henry Chase Whiting Family] Dallas, Texas