- List of ancient Thracian cities
This is a list of ancient Thracian cities, towns, villages, and fortresses. A number of these cities were Greek cities, some were
Celt ic or Roman. An asterisk [*] indicates that thetoponym is reconstructed. The endings "-bria" ("town, city"), "-disza", "-diza", "-dizos" (ref|etym1 "fortress, walled settlement"), "-para", "-paron", "-pera", "-phara" ("town, village") are from theThracian language , as are numerous other lexical elements in this list.This list includes a few Thracian towns located on land that was incorporated into
Macedon around the time of Alexander I. Also some towns in LowerMoesia (seeList of ancient towns in Scythia Minor ).*"
Aegospotami " or "Aegospotamos"
*"Agathapara"
*"Agēssos"
*"Ainos "
*"*Alaaibria" (reconstructed from the Thracianethnonym , "Alaaibriēnoi")
*"*Athypara"
*"Authiparu"
*"Elaios"
*"Bastira" (see "Mastira")
*"Bazopara"
*"Bedizos"
*"Belaidipara"
*"Bendipara"
*"Beodizos"
*"Beripara"
*"Beroea"
*"Bespara"
*"Bessapara"
*"Bisanthe"
*"*Bolbabria"
*"Breierophara"
*"Brentopara"
*"Briparo(n)
*"Burtudizos"
*"Bussipara"
*"Chesdupara"
*"Dardapara" (in Dardania)
*"Dikaia"
*"Dodoparos"
*"Doriskos"
*"Drabeskos"
*"Drusipara "
*"Galepsus "
*"Gelupara"
*"Heraion"
*"Iamphorynna" (a Maedan town)
*"Isgipara"
*"Ismara " (aCiconian town)
*"Ismaros " (alternate name of "Ismara ")
*"Kabyle"
*"Kardia"
*"Kastiakon"
*"Keirpara"
*"Kēriparōn"
*"Kirpizos"
*"Kistidizos"
*"Kras(s)alopara"
*"Krenides"
*"Kypsela"
*"Longinopara"
*"Lysimachia"
*"Madytus"
*"Maronea"
*"Maskiobria"
*"Mastira" (mentioned by Demosthenes (341 BCE) in his "The Oration On The Sate Of The Chersonesus". This town was unknown to the scholar Harpocration (100-200 CE), who suggests that instead of "Mastira" we should read "Bastira", a Thracian town of that name.
*"Medista"
*"Menebria" (older name of "Mesembria ")
*"Mutzipara"
*"Myrkinos" (anEdonian town)
*"Oesyme"
*"Orudisza"
*"Ostudizos"
*"Philippopolis" (Greek name of "Pulpudeva")
*"Pistiros "
*"Pizos"
*"Poltymbria"
*"Priskupera"
*"Pulpudeva" (Daco-Thracian name of "Philippopolis")
*"Rossokastron"
*"Salmydessos " (from IE *salm-udes "salty water"; cf. Greek "álmē" "sea water, brine" and "ýdos" "water" [Katičic', Radoslav. "Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One". Paris: Mouton, 1976: 147] )
*"Selymbria " (modernSilivri in EuropeanTurkey )
*"Sestos"
*"Seuthopolis "
*"Skafida"
*"*Skaptopara" (modernBlagoevgrad )
*"Skedabria"
*"Skelabria"
*"Skept" (near "Pizos")
*"Siris"
*"Stratopara" (near "Pizos")
*"Strupil"
*"Stryme"
*"Subzupara"
*"Tranupara"
*"Tyrodiza"
*"Uscudama"
*"Zburulus"Note
Thracian "-disza", "-diza", and "-dizos" are derived from Proto-Indo-European "*dheigh-", "to knead clay", hence to "make bricks", "build walls", "
wall ", "walls", and so on. These Thracian lexical items show asatemization ofPIE "*gh-".Cognates includeAncient Greek "teichos" ("wall, fort, fortified town", as in the town ofDidymoteicho ) andAvestan "daēza" ("wall").References
ee also
*
Thracians
*List of Dacian cities
*List of Illyrian cities External links
* [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/thrac/thrac_8.html Duridanov's paper on Thracian toponyms]
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