Legio XV Primigenia

Legio XV Primigenia

Legio XV "Primigenia" (The fifteenth legion, "Firstborn" - a name of the goddess Fortuna) was a legion of the Roman army.

It was originally levied by the emperor Caligula in 39, to aid in the Germanic campaigns and was stationed in the Rhine frontier until 70, when it was destroyed during the Batavian rebellion with the V "Alaude". The "cognomen" "Primigenia" is derived from the goddess Fortuna.

Deployment

After the first campaigns, XV "Primigenia" was stationed in Moguntiacum (Mainz). In 43, the redeployment of units following the Roman invasion of Britain leads the XV "Primigenia" to Xanten, in a camp shared with the V "Alaudae". In 47 both legions were involved in the war against the Frisians and in the construction of Corbulo’s canal in the Rhine.

During the Year of the Four Emperors (68-69) XV "Primigenia" and the other German border legions supported the claim of Vitellius to the throne, first against Galba and afterwards against Otho. When Vespasian was finally acclaimed undisputed emperor, the legions XV "Primigenia" and V "Alaudae" returned to Castra Vetera (Xanten camp), where the Batavian rebellion was already in progress.

Defeat

Both legions were besieged in their winter camp in 69 by a rebel army commanded by Civilis. They finally surrendered in 70 due to hunger and left the camp in orderly fashion under promises of safe conduct. However, the rebels chased the legions and killed the surviving legionaries. Neither the XV "Primigenia" or the V "Alaudae" were ever reconstituted after this disaster.

ee also

*List of Roman legions, Roman legion

External links

* [http://www.livius.org/le-lh/legio/xv_primigenia.html livius.org account]


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