Joseph H. Harper

Joseph H. "Bud" Harper was a United States Army officer. Harper was the officer who delivered General Anthony McAuliffe's one-word response, "Nuts", to the German request for the surrender of Bastogne.

Though not a graduate of West Point, Colonel Harper had been appointed to command the 401st Glider Infantry Regiment. When the 401st was split to expand the 325th Glider Infantry Regiment and 327th Glider Infantry Regiment from two battalions to three, Harper took command of the 327th.

"Nuts!"

During the siege of Bastogne in the Battle of the Bulge, two German officers and two enlisted men came in the lines of the 327th carrying a white flag. They bore a note from the German commander requesting that the Americans surrender. Harper was contacted and personally took the German's request to the Division command post. Brigadier General McAuliffe, who was in temporary command of the Division sent Harper back with the now-famous one word response, "Nuts."

Harper returned to the German officers with a medic, Ernie Premetz, as his translator.

"I have the commander's reply, Harper said. He handed it to one of the German officers, who unfolded and read it. He looked up, puzzled."

"What does that mean?" he asked. "Is this affirmative or negative?"

"Definitely not affirmative," Harper said."

The Germans were confused by the use of American slang. Most accounts report Harper as saying something along the lines of

"If you don't know what 'Nuts' means, in plain English it is the same as 'Go to Hell'. And I'll tell you something else, if you continue to attack we will kill every goddamn German that tries to break into this city."

Premetz recalls that Harper attempted to angrily explain in English, but that he (Premetz) translated for them - "Du kannst zum Teufel gehen." ("You can go to hell.") [http://www.sptimes.com/2002/05/27/TampaBay/His_message_to_the_Ge.shtml]

Post-war career

Harper remained in the Army, reaching the rank of Major General and serving as Commandant of the United States Army Infantry School.