Krajina

Krajina is a Slavic toponym.

Ethymology

In Croatian, it refers to area around certain smaller city. The term is mostly applied in Zagora and neighbouring areas of Zagora on the west.

In some South Slavic languages, the word "krajina" refers primarily to border or borderland of a country, with established military defence, and secondarily to a region, area, or landscapecite book |last= Group of authors| title=Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика, vol. 3 |year=1969 |publisher= Matica srpska/Matica hrvatska |location=Novi Sad/Zagreb |language=Serbo-Croatian |page=30 |chapter=Кра̏јина ] . The word kraj means end or extremity. Archaically, it could mean "army" or "war". The term is equal to German "Mark" and French "marche" [cite book |last=Group of authors |editor=colonel-general Nikola Gažević |title= Vojna enciklopedija, vol. 4 |year=1972 |publisher= |location=Belgrade |language=Serbian |page= 681 |chapter=Krajina ] .

In other Slavic languages, the term could have other meanings, cf. Krajna.

Geographical regions

* Bosnia and Herzegovina
** Bosanska Krajina, around Banja Luka and encompassing a larger area, also on older maps called "Turkish Croatia"; westwards from Vrbas river, on the NW from Završje (on older maps, Završje is a part of Croazia Turca, Türkisch Kroatien, Török Horvátország [ [http://pandi.adatbank.transindex.ro/index.php?kezd=1840&kat=&ev=&action=&mutato=&kezdoev=&vegzoev=&kezdohon
] ] )
** Cazinska Krajina, borderland of Bosnia towards Croatia around the city of Cazin. Some call it Turska Krajina (Turkish Krajina) since the majority of the population in this area are Muslims.In older maps, both areas were called "Croazia Turca/Croatia Turcica/Török Horvátország" [ [http://cronologia.leonardo.it/umanita/slavi/cap105.htm, Slavi - la genesi del mondo - storia delle civilta'] ] [ [http://www.biskupija-banjaluka.org/obespravljeni/italiano/VIII_pog.htm Diocese of Banja Luka] ] [ [http://www.novaetvetera.it/articolo.php?id=73&idg=12 _ Nova et Vetera - Periodico cattolico 1/2001] ] [Augusto Kaznačić: "Bosnia, Hercegovina e Croazia-Turca : notizie riunite e tradotte / da Augusto Kaznačić", Printed at fratelli Battara in Zadar, 1862 ] "Türkish Kroatien", "Turkish Croatia" (in narrow sense)

*Croatia
** Cetinska krajina, area along the valley of river Cetina in the southern Croatia, in Zagora, to the east from Herzegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), mostly containing Sinjsko polje
** Drniška krajina, area around the city of Drniš in southern Croatia, in Zagora, to west from Cetinska krajina
** Imotska krajina, area around the city of Imotski, in southern Croatia, in Zagora mostly containing Imotsko polje, to east from Cetinska and Omiška krajina, to west from Vrgoračka krajina; also the name of the soccer club from Imotski
** Istarska krajina, historical region in western Croatia, cetral area of peninsula of Istria [http://www.croatia-in-english.com/images/maps/1073.jpgCroatia in 1073] ]
** Kninska Krajina, region around Knin in southern Croatia, to north from Drniška krajina and northeast from Cetinska krajina
** Neretvanska krajina, historical area westwards from river of Neretva, southwest from župa Imota ] [hr icon [http://www.bacina.com/obavijesti_files/Iz%20knjige%20BACINA.mht Excerpt from the book] I. Marinović, B. Šutić, M. Viskić: "Baćina: Prošlost Baćine", Udruga Pagania, Ploče, 2005, ISBN 953-95132-0-0 ]
** Omiška krajina, region in hinterland of city of Omiš, in Croatian south, in Zagora; to east from Cetinska krajina, to west from Cetinska krajina
** municipality of Krajina, a municipality in southern Croatia, located between Split and Imotski, existed from 1912-1945 [hr icon [http://prubic.tripod.com/pages/povijest.htm Povijest] ]
** Sinjska krajina, area in Zagora, in southern Croatia, around the city of Sinj, west from Livanjski kraj, southeast from Vrlička krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina)
** Vrgoračka krajina, area in Zagora, in southern Croatia, around the city of Vrgorac, southwest from Herzegovina and west from Neretva valley, to east from Imotska krajina
** Vrlička krajina, area in Zagora, in southern Croatia, around the city of Vrlika, west from Livanjski kraj, northwest from Cetinska krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina)
** Krajina is also a Croat surname
** a part of peri-littoral area near Makarska in Croatia is called Krajina (see reference)

*Montenegro
** Krajina, region in Montenegro that is towards the north from Bar and Ulcinj, across the mountain. It borders Skadar Lake on its northern edge.

*Poland
** Krajna, on the border of provinces Greater Poland and Pomerania

*Serbia
** Timočka Krajina, borderland of Serbia towards Bulgaria around Timok River
*** Negotinska Krajina, a part of Timočka Krajina around the city of Negotin
** Koča's krajina, an area liberated during eighth Austrian-Turkish war

*Slovenia
** Bela krajina, borderland of Slovenia towards Croatia

Political regions

*Austria-Hungary
** Military Krajina (Military Frontier, "Militärgrenze"), borderland of Austria against the Ottoman Empire. It was divided into:
*** Banat Krajina (on the Serbian-Romanian border)
*** Croatian Krajina (on the border of western Croatia and Bosnia)
*** Slavonian Krajina (on the border of Serbia and eastern Croatia towards Bosnia)

Political units formed during the war in Croatia in the 1990s:
*Republic of Serbian Krajina
*SAO Krajina
*SAO Kninska Krajina, Kninska Krajina since the Yugoslav wars is used by some to signify two regions Knin and its surroundings, and to a larger extend Krajina proper (referring to main portion of Republic of Serb Krajina).
*SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Srem, sometimes called Podunavska Krajina

Political unit formed during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s:
*SAO Bosanska Krajina

Where the term "Serbian Krajina" or "Krajina" alone is used, it probably refers to either the Military Krajina or the former Republic of Serbian Krajina.

Country, state or province

(versions: "Pokrajina", "Kraina", "Krajina", "Kraj", "Krai", "Wkrajina") i.e.
* Ukraine. Krajina (країна), "country", "land" in Ukrainian. "Ukrajina" is Ukrainian ethnonym for Ukraine. ""See also Name of Ukraine.
*Krais of Russia
*kraj in Slovakia
*kraj in Czech Republic

References

General references

*Karlo Jurišić, Lepantska pobjeda i makarska Krajina, "Adriatica maritima", sv. I, (Lepantska bitka, Udio hrvatskih pomoraca u Lepantskoj bitki 1571. godine), Institut JAZU u Zadru, Zadar, 1974., str. 217., 222., (reference from [http://www.morsko-prase.hr/2006/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4742&Itemid=72 Morsko prase] )