Hangul consonant and vowel tables

Hangul consonant and vowel tables

The following are tables on the jamo of Hangul consonants and vowels, with the original forms in blue at the first row, and their derivatives (in form and having additional sounds) in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals. Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.

Initials

Alphabetization

Several sequences are in use. Sequences of the first type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of double jamo consonants in syllable-initial ("choseong") and -final ("jongseong") position; the second sequence is official in North Korea.

South Korea:
* Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
* Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

North Korea:
* Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ (= final) ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑ (= initial)
* Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

outh Korea

* ㄱ "giyeok" 기역
* ㄲ "ssanggiyeok" 쌍기역
* ㄴ "nieun" 니은
* ㄷ "digeut" 디귿
* ㄸ "ssangdigeut" 쌍디귿
* ㄹ "rieul" 리을
* ㅁ "mieum" 미음
* ㅂ "bieup" 비읍
* ㅃ "ssang bieup" 쌍비읍
* ㅅ "siot" 시옷
* ㅆ "ssangsiot" 쌍시옷
* ㅇ "ieung" 이응
* ㅈ "jieut" 지읒
* ㅉ "ssangjieut" 쌍지읒
* ㅊ "chieut" 치읓
* ㅋ "kieuk" 키읔
* ㅌ "tieut" 티읕
* ㅍ "pieup" 피읖
* ㅎ "hieut" 히읗

North Korea

* ㄱ "kiŭk" 기윽
* ㄴ "niŭn" 니은
* ㄷ "tiŭt" 디읃
* ㄹ "riŭl" 리을
* ㅁ "miŭm" 미음
* ㅂ "piŭp" 비읍
* ㅅ "siŭt" 시읏
* ㅇ "iŭng" 이응
* ㅈ "chiŭt" 지읒
* ㅊ "ch'iŭt" 치읓
* ㅋ "k'iŭk" 키읔
* ㅌ "t'iŭt" 티읕
* ㅍ "p'iŭp" 피읖
* ㅎ "h'iŭt" 히읗
* ㄲ "toen'giŭk" 된기윽
* ㄸ "toendiŭt" 된디읃
* ㅃ "toenbiŭp" 된비읍
* ㅆ "toensiŭt" 된시읏
* ㅉ "toenjiŭt" 된지읒

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced "geuneun" /그는/.

Obsolete variants

* ㅁ: "miom" 미옴
* ㅂ: "biop" 비옵
* ㅈ: "jyat" 쟛
* ㅇ: "iheung" 이흥, "ihoeng" 이횡, "ihəing" 이ᄒᆡᆼ, "i" 이

ee also

* Hangul
* List of Korea-related topics
* List of Hangul Jamo


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