Lipolysis

Lipolysis

Lipolysis is the breakdown of fat stored in fat cells. During this process, free fatty acids are released into the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body. Ketones are produced, and are found in large quantities in ketosis (a state in metabolism occurring when the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies which can be used by the body for energy.). Lipolysis testing strips such as "Ketostix" are used to recognize ketosis.

The following hormones induce lipolysis: epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon and adrenocorticotropic hormone. These trigger 7TM receptors, which activate adenylate cyclase. This results in increased production of cAMP, which activates protein kinase A, which subsequently activate lipases found in adipose tissue.

Triglycerides undergo lipolysis (hydrolysis by lipases) and are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. Once released into the blood, the relatively hydrophobic free fatty acids bind to serum albumin for transport to tissues that require energy. The glycerol also enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the liver or kidney where it is converted to glycerol 3-phosphate by the enzyme glycerol kinase. Hepatic glycerol 3-phosphate is mostly converted into dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP) and then glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to rejoin the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • lipolysis — [li päl′ə sis, līpäl′ə sis] n. [ModL: see LIPO & LYSIS] the decomposition of fat, as during digestion …   English World dictionary

  • lipolysis — lipolizė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Organizmo riebalų atsargų skaidymas į glicerolį ir riebalų rūgštis. atitikmenys: angl. lipolys; lipolysis rus. липолиз …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • lipolysis — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: circa 1903 the hydrolysis of fat • lipolytic adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • lipolysis — n. [Gr. lipos, fat; lysis, loosen] Decomposition of fat by lipase; lipolytic adj …   Dictionary of invertebrate zoology

  • lipolysis — lipolitic /lip euh lit ik, luy peuh /, adj. /li pol euh sis, luy /, n. Chem. the hydrolysis of fats into fatty acids and glycerol, as by lipase. [1900 05; < NL; see LIPO 1, LYSIS] * * * …   Universalium

  • lipolysis — noun a) The hydrolysis of lipids b) The reverse of lipogenesis in which stored fat is broken down …   Wiktionary

  • lipolysis — The splitting up (hydrolysis), or chemical decomposition, of fat. SYN: lipoclasis, lipodieresis. [lipo + G. lysis, dissolution] * * * li·pol·y·sis li päl ə səs, lī n, pl y·ses .sēz the hydrolysis of fat li·po·lyt·ic …   Medical dictionary

  • lipolysis — n. dissolution of fat (Chemistry) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • lipolysis — [lɪ pɒlɪsɪs] noun Physiology the breakdown of lipids by hydrolysis. Derivatives lipolytic adjective …   English new terms dictionary

  • lipolysis — li·pol·y·sis …   English syllables

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