CD38

CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38) is a glycoprotein found on the surface of many immune cells (white blood cells), including CD4+, CD8+, B and natural killer cells. It is a marker of cell activation. The CD38 protein has been connected to HIV infection, leukemias, myelomas, solid tumors, type II diabetes mellitus and bone metabolism, as well as some genetically determined conditions. It has also been used as a prognostic marker in leukemia.cite journal | author = Deaglio S, Mehta K, Malavasi F | title = Human CD38: a (r)evolutionary story of enzymes and receptors | journal = Leuk. Res. | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–12 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11137554 | doi = 10.1016/S0145-2126(00)00093-X ]

The gene encoding for CD38 is located on chromosome 4 in humans and on chromosome 5 in mice.

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = CD38 is a novel multifunctional ectoenzyme widely expressed in cells and tissues especially in leukocytes. CD38 also functions in cell adhesion,signal transduction and calcium signaling. [cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CD38 CD38 molecule| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=952| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=States DJ, Walseth TF, Lee HC |title=Similarities in amino acid sequences of Aplysia ADP-ribosyl cyclase and human lymphocyte antigen CD38. |journal=Trends Biochem. Sci. |volume=17 |issue= 12 |pages= 495 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1471258 |doi=10.1016/0968-0004(92)90337-9
*cite journal | author=Malavasi F, Funaro A, Roggero S, "et al." |title=Human CD38: a glycoprotein in search of a function. |journal=Immunol. Today |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 95–7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8172650 |doi=10.1016/0167-5699(94)90148-1
*cite journal | author=Guse AH |title=Cyclic ADP-ribose: a novel Ca2+-mobilising second messenger. |journal=Cell. Signal. |volume=11 |issue= 5 |pages= 309–16 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10376802 |doi=10.1016/S0898-6568(99)00004-2
*cite journal | author=Funaro A, Malavasi F |title=Human CD38, a surface receptor, an enzyme, an adhesion molecule and not a simple marker. |journal=J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents |volume=13 |issue= 1 |pages= 54–61 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10432444 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mallone R, Perin PC |title=Anti-CD38 autoantibodies in type? diabetes. |journal=Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. |volume=22 |issue= 4 |pages= 284–94 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16544364 |doi= 10.1002/dmrr.626
*cite journal | author=Partidá-Sánchez S, Rivero-Nava L, Shi G, Lund FE |title=CD38: an ecto-enzyme at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immune responses. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=590 |issue= |pages= 171–83 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17191385 |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-34814-8_12
*cite journal | author=Jackson DG, Bell JI |title=Isolation of a cDNA encoding the human CD38 (T10) molecule, a cell surface glycoprotein with an unusual discontinuous pattern of expression during lymphocyte differentiation. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=144 |issue= 7 |pages= 2811–5 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2319135 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dianzani U, Bragardo M, Buonfiglio D, "et al." |title=Modulation of CD4 lateral interaction with lymphocyte surface molecules induced by HIV-1 gp120. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=25 |issue= 5 |pages= 1306–11 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7539755 |doi=10.1002/eji.1830250526
*cite journal | author=Nakagawara K, Mori M, Takasawa S, "et al." |title=Assignment of CD38, the gene encoding human leukocyte antigen CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase), to chromosome 4p15. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=69 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 38–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7835083 |doi=10.1159/000133933
*cite journal | author=Tohgo A, Takasawa S, Noguchi N, "et al." |title=Essential cysteine residues for cyclic ADP-ribose synthesis and hydrolysis by CD38. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 46 |pages= 28555–7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7961800 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Takasawa S, Tohgo A, Noguchi N, "et al." |title=Synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP-ribose by human leukocyte antigen CD38 and inhibition of the hydrolysis by ATP. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=268 |issue= 35 |pages= 26052–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8253715 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nata K, Takamura T, Karasawa T, "et al." |title=Human gene encoding CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase): organization, nucleotide sequence and alternative splicing. |journal=Gene |volume=186 |issue= 2 |pages= 285–92 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9074508 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00723-8
*cite journal | author=Feito MJ, Bragardo M, Buonfiglio D, "et al." |title=gp 120s derived from four syncytium-inducing HIV-1 strains induce different patterns of CD4 association with lymphocyte surface molecules. |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=9 |issue= 8 |pages= 1141–7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9263011 |doi=10.1093/intimm/9.8.1141
*cite journal | author=Ferrero E, Malavasi F |title=Human CD38, a leukocyte receptor and ectoenzyme, is a member of a novel eukaryotic gene family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-converting enzymes: extensive structural homology with the genes for murine bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 and aplysian ADP-ribosyl cyclase. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=159 |issue= 8 |pages= 3858–65 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9378973 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Deaglio S, Morra M, Mallone R, "et al." |title=Human CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase) is a counter-receptor of CD31, an Ig superfamily member. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=160 |issue= 1 |pages= 395–402 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9551996 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yagui K, Shimada F, Mimura M, "et al." |title=A missense mutation in the CD38 gene, a novel factor for insulin secretion: association with Type II diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects and evidence of abnormal function when expressed in vitro. |journal=Diabetologia |volume=41 |issue= 9 |pages= 1024–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9754820 |doi=10.1007/s001250051026

External links

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