Broadbill

Broadbill

Taxobox
name = Broadbills


image_width = 200px
image_caption = Long-tailed Broadbill.
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
subordo = Tyranni
familia = Eurylaimidae
familia_authority =
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision = "Sapayoa"
"Smithornis"
"Pseudocalyptomena"
"Corydon"
"Cymbirhynchus"
"Eurylaimus"
"Psarisomus"
"Serilophus"
"Calyptomena"The broadbills are a family of small passerine birds. The "Smithornis" and "Pseudocalyptomena" species occur in tropical Africa; the rest extend from the eastern Himalayas to Sumatra and Borneo.

Description

Broadbills are brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. They range from 13 to 28 centimetres in length, and live in the dense canopies of wet forests, allowing them to hide despite their brightly coloured plumage.cite book |editor=Forshaw, Joseph|author= McClure, H. Elliott|year=1991|title=Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds|publisher= Merehurst Press|location=London|pages= 158-158|isbn= 1-85391-186-0]

They are generally gregarious, with many species moving about in flocks of about 20 individuals. Broadbills attach their purse-shaped nests to suspended vines, and leave a tail of fibres hanging below it. This gives the nest the appearance of being random debris caught in the tree, an effect further enhanced by the birds covering the nest with lichen and spider webs. Broadbills typically lay two to three eggs.

Taxonomy

The Sapayoa was originally classified in the group Pipridae, according to at least one author [ [http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=0962-8452&volume=270&supp=2&spage=238 "Sapayoa aenigma": a New World representative of 'Old World suboscines'] ] , the genus more accurately fits the broadbill family. The four species of asities, a family endemic to Madagascar, are sometimes included in the broadbills (Prum 1993).

pecies

There are five subfamilies of broadbills.

FAMILY: EURYLAIMIDAE
* Subfamily: Sapyornithinae (probably better considered a distinct family)fact|date=July 2008
** Genus: "Sapayoa"
*** Broad-billed Sapayoa, "Sapayoa aenigma"
* Subfamily: Smithornithinae - typical African broadbills
** Genus: "Smithornis"
*** African Broadbill, "Smithornis capensis"
*** Gray-headed Broadbill, "Smithornis sharpei"
*** Rufous-sided Broadbill, "Smithornis rufolateralis"
* Subfamily: Pseudocalyptomeninae
** Genus: "Pseudocalyptomena"
*** Grauer's Broadbill, "Pseudocalyptomena graueri"
* Subfamily: Calyptomeninae - Asian green broadbills
** Genus: "Calyptomena"
*** Green Broadbill, "Calyptomena viridis"
*** Hose's Broadbill, "Calyptomena hosei"
*** Whitehead's Broadbill "Calyptomena whiteheadi"
* Subfamily: Eurylaiminae - typical Asian broadbills
** Genus "Corydon"
*** Dusky Broadbill, "Corydon sumatranus"
** Genus: "Cymbirhynchus"
*** Black-and-red Broadbill, "Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos"
** Genus: "Eurylaimus"
*** Banded Broadbill, "Eurylaimus javanicus"
*** Black-and-yellow Broadbill, "Eurylaimus ochromalus"
*** Wattled Broadbill, "Eurylaimus steerii"
*** Visayan Broadbill, "Eurylaimus samarensis"
** Genus: "Psarisomus"
*** Long-tailed Broadbill, "Psarisomus dalhousiae"
** Genus: "Serilophus"
*** Silver-breasted Broadbill, "Serilophus lunatus"

References

*Prum, R. 0. 1993. Phylogeny, biogeography, and evolution of the broadbills (Eurylaimidae) and asities (Philepittidae) based on morphology. "Auk" 110:304-324.

External links

* [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=104 Broadbill videos] on the Internet Bird Collection


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  • broadbill — [brôd′bil΄] n. any of various birds with a broad bill, as the scaup and shoveler ducks, spoonbill, etc …   English World dictionary

  • broadbill — Scaup Scaup (sk[add]p), n. [See {Scalp} a bed of oysters or mussels.] 1. A bed or stratum of shellfish; scalp. [Scot.] [1913 Webster] 2. (Zo[ o]l.) A scaup duck. See below. [1913 Webster] {Scaup duck} (Zo[ o]l.), any one of several species of… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • broadbill — /brawd bil /, n. 1. any of several small, often brightly colored passerine birds of the family Eurylaimidae, of the Old World tropics, having a broad, flattened bill. 2. any of various birds with a broad bill, as the scaup duck, shoveler, and… …   Universalium

  • broadbill — Shoveler Shov el*er, n. [Also shoveller.] 1. One who, or that which, shovels. [1913 Webster] 2. (Zo[ o]l.) A river duck ({Spatula clypeata}), native of Europe and America. It has a large bill, broadest towards the tip. The male is handsomely… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • broadbill — durklažuvė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: lot. Xiphias gladius angl. broadbill; swordfish rus. меч рыба; меченос ryšiai: platesnis terminas – durklažuvės …   Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

  • broadbill swordfish — noun see broadbill 4 …   Useful english dictionary

  • broadbill — noun a) Any of several ducks, having a broad bill, including the shoveler b) Any of several small passerine birds of the family Eurylaimidae …   Wiktionary

  • broadbill — n. bird with brightly colored plumage and short broad beak that is native tropical Africa and Asia; shoveler, freshwater duck with a long broad bill that lives in the northern hemisphere …   English contemporary dictionary

  • broadbill — noun a small, colourful songbird of the Old World tropics, with a large head and a wide, flattened bill. [Family Eurylaimidae: numerous species.] …   English new terms dictionary

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