Thyroid transcription factor-1
- Thyroid transcription factor-1
Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is a protein that regulates transcription of genes specific for the thyroid, lung, and diencephalon. It is also known as thyroid specific enhancer binding protein. It is used in anatomic pathology as a marker to determine if a tumor arises from the lung or thyroid.
TTF-1 positive cells are found in the lung as type II pneumocytes and Clara cells. In the thyroid, follicular and parafollicular cells are also positive for TTF-1.
For lung cancers, adenocarcinomas are usually positive, while squamous cell carcinomas and large cell carcinomas are rarely positive. Small cell carcinomas (of any primary site) are usually positive.
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