Polyuria

Polyuria

In medicine, polyuria is a condition characterized by the passage of large volumes of urine (at least 2.5 L over 24 hours in adults). [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003146.htm]

Polyuria is sometimes used to refer to urinary frequency, or frequent urination, irrespective of the volume of urine passed.

Polyuria often appears in conjunction with polydipsia (increased thirst), though it is possible to have one without the other, and the latter may be a cause or an effect. Psychogenic polydipsia may lead to polyuria.

Polyuria is physiologically normal in some circumstances, such as cold diuresis, altitude diuresis, and after drinking large amounts of fluids.

Causes of polyuria

* diuretic drugs
* diuretic foods (foods and beverages containing caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea, and soft drinks; hot spicy foods; juices high in acid; alcoholic beverages; etc.)
* diabetes mellitus
* diabetes insipidus
* psychogenic polydipsia
* high doses of riboflavin (vitamin B2)
* high doses of vitamin C
* cold diuresis
* altitude diuresis
* interstitial cystitis
* interstitial nephritis
* lupus erythematosus or other connective tissue disease related cystitis
* Sjögren's syndrome
* Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
* renal tubular acidosis
* Fanconi syndrome/renal glycosuria
* hypercalcaemia
* hyperthyroidism
* hypopituitarism
* pregnancy
* reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome
* glomerulonephritis
* squamous cell carcinoma of lung (a paraneoplastic consequence)
* hypoaldosteronism
* hypokalemia
* polydipsia
* congestive heart failure
* Cushing's syndrome
* Addison's disease
* intestinal obstruction (occurs after toxins begin to be absorbed from the damaged intestine)
* hypercalcemia (most commonly from cancer)
* hyperparathyroidism [ [http://www.emedicine.com/ent/TOPIC299.HTM eMedicine - Hyperparathyroidism : Article by James LaBagnara ] ]
* acromegaly
* polycythemia
* partial obstruction of the urinary tract
* pheochromocytoma
* side effect of lithium (see lithium thirst)
* liver failure/ cirrhosis
* pyometra in certain animals or appendicitis in humans
* neurologic damage
* urinary tract infection - although it more commonly causes frequent passage of small volumes of urine rather than a large volume
* emphysematous cystitis
* post supraventricular tachycardia
* migraine----

Use of corticosteroids such as prednisone

References


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Polyuria — Pol y*u ri*a, n. [NL. See {Poly }, and {Urine}.] (Med.) A persistently excessive flow of watery urine, with low specific gravity and without the presence of either protein or sugar. It is generally accompanied with more or less thirst. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • polyuria — [päl΄ē yoor′ē ə] n. [ModL: see POLY & URIA] excessive urination, as in some diseases polyuric adj …   English World dictionary

  • Polyuria — The passage of an abnormally large amount of urine. Someone with polyuria passes too much urine and so may have frequency, the need to urinate frequently. Polyuria is a classic textbook sign of diabetes mellitus that is under poor control or not… …   Medical dictionary

  • polyuria — noun renal disorder characterized by the production of large volumes of pale dilute urine; often associated with diabetes • Hypernyms: ↑kidney disease, ↑renal disorder, ↑nephropathy, ↑nephrosis • Part Holonyms: ↑diabetes * * * polyuria to… …   Useful english dictionary

  • polyuria — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: circa 1842 excessive secretion of urine …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Polyuria — Klassifikation nach ICD 10 E23.2 Hypophysärer Diabetes insipidus N25.1 Renaler Diabetes insipidus …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • polyuria — polyuric, adj. /pol ee yoor ee euh/, n. Pathol. the passing of an excessive quantity of urine, as in diabetes, in certain nervous diseases, etc. [1875 80; < NL; see POLY , URIA] * * * …   Universalium

  • polyuria — noun The production of an abnormally large amount of urine; one symptom of diabetes …   Wiktionary

  • polyuria — n. excessive urination (Medicine) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • polyuria — [ˌpɒlɪ jʊərɪə] noun Medicine production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine. Derivatives polyuric adjective …   English new terms dictionary

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