Adilabad district

See Adilabad for information about Adilabad town.

Adilabad is a district in Andhra Pradesh, India. The district headquarters is at Adilabad town. It belongs to the relatively underdeveloped Telangana part of the state. A famous Temple of the Goddess Saraswathi, the Hindu Goddess of Education, is located here.

History and formation

The Adilabad district was named after the ruler of Bijapur Sultanate, Ali Adil Shah. The district was for long not a homogeneous unit and its component parts were ruled at different periods by dynasties namely, the Mauryas, Staavahanas, Vakatakas, Chaludyas of Badami, Rashtrakututs, Chalukyas of Kalyani, Mughals, Bhosle Rajes of Nagpur and Asaf Jahis, besides the Gond Rajas of Sirpur and Chanda.

Originally this was a sub-district named Sirpur-Tandur which was created in A.D. 1872 with Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur as its constituent talukas. In 1905, an independent district with headquarters at Adilabad was formed.

Geography

The district is situated between 77.46' and 80.01', of the eastern longitudes and 18.40' and 19.56', of northern latitudes.

The district is situated on the northern boundary of Andhra Pradesh, forming a border with the Yeotmal and Chanda districts of Maharashtra on the north, east and western borders and Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh on the southern border.

The district occupies an area of 16,128 km² and occupies fifth position and occupies 5.90 percent of the area in Andhra Pradesh.

The Sahyadri parvat or Satnala range traverses the district from the north-west to the south-east for about 281.5 kilometers. In this range the Mahbubghat is the highest peak.

The most important river that drains the district is the River Godavari. The Penganga River, Wardha and Pranahita also drain the region. The Kadam and the Peddavagu are tributaries of the Godavari. There are also rivulets like Satnala, Swarnavagu, and Suddavagu which drain the district. The Godavari which is the largest river in peninsular India raises in the Western Ghats and enters this district near Basara in Mudhole Taluk. This mighty river forms the southern boundary of the district separating it from Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts. The Penganga forms part of the northern boundary of the district in Adilabad, while the Wardha and the Pranahita from the northern and eastern boundaries of the district.

Demography

*Area of Adilabad district is 16,128 km².
*Adilabad district has a population of 2,488,003 of which 660,017 (26.53%) is urban as of 2001. [ [http://www.censusindiamaps.net/page/India_WhizMap/IndiaMap.htm India Census Maps] ]
*The increase in population during decennial ending 1991 over 1981 is 26.85%.
*Males constitutes 1,250,958 and females 1,237,045 of the population.
*The district is made up of a predominantly rural (73.52%) population.
*Males outnumber females in the ratio 1000:980
*The percentage of literate population (27.8%) is lower than the rest of the state (37.8%).
*The density of population of the district is 129 persons per sq.km. as against the State average of 241 persons per sq.km.
*Out of the total population of the district, 3.86 Lakhs persons are Scheduled Castes and 3.55 Lakhs persons are Scheduled Tribes forming 18.57% and 17.08% of the total population respectively.
*The total number of workers is 9,34,335 constituting 44.93% of the total population as against the state average of 45.27%. Out of the total main workers, cultivators form 34.09% and agricultural laborers form 34.88%.

Climate

There is a meteorological observatory at Adilabad. The climate of the district is characterized by hot summer and in general dry except during the south-west monsoon season.

The rainfall in the district, in general increases from the south-west towards the north east. About 85% of annual rainfall is received during the south-west monsoon season. The normal Annual rainfall of the district is 1044.5 m.m.

The cold weather commences towards the end of November. December is generally the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temperature at about 29 C and the minimum daily is 15 C although temperatures below 10 C are recorded almost each winter.

The relative humidities are high generally during the south-west monsoon season. The air is generally dry during the rest of the year.

Agriculture

Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in the district. The geographical area of the district is convert|4004035|acre|km2. The land used under different types is : forest land 42.8%, land put to non-agricultural uses 3.7% and Net agricultural area 35.4%.

The predominant Crop grown in the district is Jowar which accounts for 31.8% of the total cropped area. Paddy accounts for 10.8%, pulses and non-food crops for 34.7% of the total cropped area.

Adilabad ranks first in revenue generation from mineral deposits in Andhra Pradesh. It is well endowed with rich reserves of coal, iron ore, lime stone and clays.

Health services

There are 9 hospitals under Andhra Pradesh Vaidya Vidhana Parishad in Adilabad district. [ [http://health.ap.nic.in/apvvp/apvvp_hospitals.html APVVP.Hospitals] ] There is a district hospital at Adilabad, two area hospitals at Mancherial and Bhainsa and six community health centres at Asifabad, Bellampalle, Khanapur, Nirmal, Sirpur and Utnoor.

Industries

There are 15 large scale industries and 1904 small scale industries in the district and 203 other factories and workshops. There are 97 cotton ginning mills and 101 oil mills.

The major industries are:
#The Singareni Colleries Co. Ltd, Bellampally
#Coal Chemical Complex, Ramakrishnapur, Near Mancherial
#The Sirpur Paper Mills Ltd., Kagaznagar
#Orient Cement Factory, Devapur
#The Mancherial Cement Co. Ltd, Mancherial
#Penganga Oils Ltd., Adilabad
#Quality Spinning Mills, Bhainsa
#The Adilabad Cotton Growers Coop.
#The Nataraj Spinning and Weaving mill , Nirmal
#The SirSilk Ltd., Kagaznagar [ Now Defunct ]
#Annapurna Cement Ltd., Samela, Asifabad.
#GS Oils Pvt. Ltd.,Adilabad
#Kashiprasad and Sons Pvt. Ltd, Adilabad.
#Makhanlala Rajkumar Co.,Adilabad.

Politics

The Adilabad district has one Parliamentary constituency and nine Assembly constituencies. Adilabad is the parliamentary constituency. The assembly constituencies are Adilabad, Asifabad, Boath, Chinnur, Khanapur, Luxettipet, Mudhole, Nirmal and Sirpur. [ [http://ceoandhra.nic.in/Right%20to%20Infn.Act/annex1.htm District-wise Assembly Consituencies of Andhra Pradesh] ]

This town received significant attention during the governance of the Telugu Desam Party under Nara Chandrababu Naidu, when there was a demand to set up an Indian Institute of Technology here. Recently RIMS [Rajiv Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences] Medical College was started by Andhra Pradesh Government.

Administration

Adilabad district comprises 52 Mandals and 1743 villages. There are 7 Municipalities in the district.

The district is conveniently divided into 5 divisions
#Adilabad
#Nirmal
#Utnoor
#Asifabad
#Mancherial.

Mandals of Adilabad district are
# Adilabad
# Asifabad
# Bazarhathnoor
# Bejjur
# Bellampalle
# Bhainsa
# Bheemini
# Boath
# Chennur
# Dahegaon
# Dandepalle
# Dilawarpur
# Gudihathnur
# Ichoda
# Inderavelly
# Jainad
# Jainoor
# Jaipur
# Jannaram
# Kaddam Peddur
# Kagaznagar
# Kasipet
# Kerameri
# Khanapur
# Kotapalle
# Kouthala
# Kubeer
# Kuntala
# Lakshettipet
# Laxmanchanda
# Lokeswaram
# Mamda
# Mancherial
# Mandamarri
# Mudhole
# Narnoor
# Nennal
# Neradigonda
# Nirmal
# Rebbena
# Sarangapur
# Sirpur T
# Sirpur U
# Talamadugu
# Tamsi
# Tandur
# Tanur
# Tiryani
# Utnoor
# Vemanpalle
# Wankdi.

References

External links

* [http://adilabad.ap.nic.in/ Official website of Adilabad district]
* [http://www.gloriousindia.com/places/ap/adilabad.html Adilabad district on Glorious India]