- Stephan Ludwig Roth
Stephan Ludwig Roth (
November 24 1796 , inMediaş ―May 11 1849 in Cluj) was a Transylvanian Saxonintellectual , pedagogue and Lutheranpastor .After studying in
Mediaş ,Sibiu , and at the University ofTübingen , in 1818 Roth pursued his interest in the science of teaching by travelling toSwitzerland , in order to gather experience fromJohann Heinrich Pestalozzi 's projects inYverdon-les-Bains . He became a collaborator of Pestalozzi, publishing "Der Sprachunterricht" (a work on language learning) and finished adoctorate inphilosophy at Tübingen (1820).Returning to
Transylvania , Roth followed in the footsteps of his father as head of the Mediaş Gymnasium (from 1831) and became a pastor in 1837.In the debates raised by the
Transylvanian Diet in 1841, he argued that Romanian be theofficial language in the region, pointing out its ascendent over all others in the ethnical composition of the country (an idea made public in his 1842 work, "Der Spachkampf Siebenburgen"). He stood by this principle during the 1848-1849 Revolution, proposing that official material be published simultaneously in Romanian, Hungarian and German. While he was againstcultural assimilation of Romanians, Roth had always argued that the Saxon element in Transylvania could be strengthened by encouraging new German colonists to move in.Stephan Ludwig Roth further irritated Hungarian sensibilities by rejecting any form of union between Transylvania and Hungary, trying instead to build a bridge between Saxons and Romanians. Thus, he attended the first ethnic Romanian gathering at
Câmpia Libertăţii (nearBlaj - seeBlaj Assemblies ), and wrote about it in the local press - his articles show full support for the movement, and highlightAvram Iancu 's contribution to the cause.With the outbreak of the violent clashes between Imperial and Hungarian troops in October 1848, Roth became a member of the "Sibiu Pacification Committee", and commissioner for Saxon villages in Târnava-Mare (
Nagy-Küküllő , Große Kokel) (in November), as well as the administrator "de facto " of the respective county.With the Hungarian victories in January 1849 came the end of local government structures. General
Józef Bem offered the administratorsamnesty , and Roth retired to Mediaş. Disregarding his immunity, local authorities had him arrested and sent toCluj , where he was convicted of treason by amilitary tribunal and swiftly executed.External links
* [http://www.primariamedias.ro/index.php?id=496 "Stephan Ludwig Roth" at Mediaş City Hall]
* [http://www.sibiweb.de/ge_mu/slr_ball.htm "Ballade von dem sächsischen Pfarrer Stephan Ludwig Roth"]
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