Johann Christian Bach

[
Thomas Gainsborough, 1776 (Museo Civico, Bologna)] Johann Christian Bach (September 5, 1735 – January 1, 1782) was a composer of the Classical era, the eleventh and youngest son of Johann Sebastian Bach. He is sometimes referred to as 'the London Bach' or 'the English Bach', due to his time spent living there. He is noted for influencing the concerto style of Mozart.

Johann Christian Bach was born on September 5, 1735 to Johann Sebastian and Anna Magdalena Bach in Leipzig, Germany. His distinguished father was already 50 at the time of his birth, which would perhaps contribute to the sharp differences between his music and that of his father. Even so, his father first instructed him in music until he died. After his father's death, when Johann Christian was 15, he worked with his second oldest brother Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, considered at the time to be the most musically gifted of Bach's sons.

He enjoyed a promising career, first as a composer then as a performer playing alongside Carl Friedrich Abel, a notable player of the viola da gamba. He composed cantatas, chamber music, keyboard and orchestral works, operas and symphonies.

Bach lived in Italy for many years starting in 1756, first studying with Padre Martini in Bologna and later with Giovanni Battista Sammartini. He became an organist at a cathedral in Milan in 1760. During his time in Italy he converted from Lutheranism to Catholicism. In 1762, Bach travelled to London to première three operas at King's Theatre, including "Orione" on 19 February 1763. This established his reputation in England, and he became music master to Queen Charlotte. [ [http://www.karadar.com/Dictionary/bach_christian.html "Johann Christian Bach Life" (Karadar Music)] accessed 21 Dec 2007]

He met soprano Cecilia Grassi in 1766 and married her shortly thereafter. Although she was eleven years younger than Bach, they had no children.

Johann Christian Bach died in London on New Year's Day, 1782.

Posthumous evaluation

Although Bach's fame declined in the decades following his death, his music still showed up on concert programmes in London with some regularity, often coupled with works by Haydn. In the 19th century, scholarly work on the life and music of Johann Christian's father began, but this often led to the exaltation of J. S. Bach's music at the expense of that of his sons; Phillip Spitta claimed towards the end of his J. S. Bach biography that "it is especially in Bach's sons that we may mark the decay of that power which had culminated [in Sebastian] after several centuries of growth" (Spitta, Vol. 3, p. 278), and J.S.'s first biographer, Johann Nikolaus Forkel, said specifically of Christian that "The original spirit of Bach is . . . not to be found in any of his works" (New Bach Reader, p. 458). It was not until the 20th century that scholars and the musical world began to realize that Bach's sons could legitimately compose in a different style than their father without their musical idioms being inferior or debased, and composers like Johann Christian began to receive renewed appreciation.

Johann Christian Bach is of some historical interest as the first composer who preferred the piano to older keyboard instruments such as the harpsichord. Johann Christian’s early music shows the influence of his older brother Carl Philipp Emanuel, while his middle period in Italy shows the influence of Sammartini.

Contrasting styles of J. S. Bach and J. C. Bach

Johann Christian Bach's father died when Johann Christian was only fifteen, perhaps one reason why it is difficult to find points of similarity between the music of Johann Sebastian Bach and that of Johann Christian. By contrast, the piano sonatas of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Christian's much older brother, tend to invoke certain elements of the father at times, especially as regards the use of counterpoint. (C.P.E. was 36 by the time J.S. died.)

Johann Christian's music departs completely from the styles of the elder Bachs in being highly melodic. He composed in the galant style incorporating balanced phrases, emphasis on melody and accompaniment, without too much contrapuntal complexity. The galant movement opposed the intricate lines of Baroque music, and instead placed importance on fluid melodies in periodic phrases. It preceded the classical style, which fused the galant aesthetics with a renewed interest in counterpoint.

J. C. Bach and the symphony

The symphonies in the Work List for J. C. Bach in the "New Grove Bach Family" listed ninety-one works. A little more than half of these, 48 works, are considered authentic, while the remaining 43 are doubtful.

By comparison, the composer sometimes called "the Father of the Symphony," Joseph Haydn, wrote slightly over 100 symphonies. Most of these are not fully comparable to Johann Christian Bach's symphonies, because many of Johann Christian's works in this category are closer to the Italian sinfonia than to the late classical symphony in its most fully developed state as found in the later works in this category by Haydn and Mozart.

Using comparative duration as a rough means of comparison, consider that a standard recording of one of Bach's finest symphonies, Op. 7 no. 6 in g minor, has a total time of 13 minutes and 7 seconds (as performed by Hanover Band directed by Anthony Halstead), while Haydn's "Surprise" Symphony in a typical recording (by Ádám Fischer conducting the Austro-Hungarian Haydn Orchestra) lasts 23 minutes and 43 seconds.

It is clear that the listener of J. C. Bach's symphonies should come to these works with different expectations from the ones he or she brings to those of Haydn or Mozart. Concert halls today are frequently filled with the music of Haydn, and comparatively rarely with that of J. C. Bach, which probably has less to do with their relative quality (since the music of the latter is clearly accomplished and worthy of being heard) than with their relative historical positions regarding the classical symphony. But J. C. Bach's music is more and more being recognized for its high quality and significance. The Halstead recording mentioned above is part of a complete survey of this composer's orchestral works on 22 CDs for the record label CPO, and the complete works of J. C. Bach have now been published in "The Collected Works of Johann Christian Bach".

Legacy

A full account of J. C. Bach’s career is given in the fourth volume of Charles Burney's "History of Music".

There are two others named Johann Christian Bach in the Bach family tree, but neither were composers.

Mozart esteemed J.C. Bach's music highly and arranged three sonatas from the latter's Op. 5 into keyboard concertos.

Patrick O'Brian mentions both J.C. Bach and J. S. Bach in his novel "The Ionian Mission", in which Jack Aubrey brings his friend Stephen Maturin pieces of music composed by the elder Bach which the two men play together.

Work List

Keyboard Works
W A1 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.1 in B flat major
W A2 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.2 in D major
W A3 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.3 in G major
W A4 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.4 in E flat major
W A5 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.5 in E major
W A6 Keyboard Sonata Op. 5 No.6 in C major
W A7 Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.1 in G major
W A8a Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.2 in C minor
W A8b Keyboard Sonata in C minor
W A9a Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.3 in E flat major
W A9b Keyboard Sonata in E flat major
W A10a Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.4 in G major
W A10b Keyboard Sonata in G major "A New Lesson"
W A11 Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.5 in A major
W A12 Keyboard Sonata Op. 17 No.6 in B flat major
W A13 Keyboard Sonata in A minor
W A14 Keyboard Sonata in A flat major
W A15 Toccata for keyboard in B flat major
W A16 Keyboard Sonata in B flat major
W A17 Keyboard Sonata (lost)
W A18 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands Op. 15 No.6 in C major
W A19 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands Op. 18 No.5 in A major
W A20 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands Op. 18 No.6 in F major
W A21 Sonata for 2 keyboards Op. 15 No.5 in G major
W A22 March for keyboard in F major
W A23 Polonaise for keyboard in B flat major
W A24 Minuet for keyboard in C minor
W A25 Minuet for keyboard in C major
W A26 Polonaise for keyboard in E flat major
W A27 Aria for keyboard in A minor
W A28 Minuet for keyboard in D minor
W A29 Minuet and trio for keyboard in G minor
W A30 Minuet and trio for keyboard in C major
W A31 Minuet for keyboard in C major

Chamber Music
W B1 Piece for harp (lost)
W B2 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.1 in B flat major
W B3 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.2 in C major
W B4 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.3 in G major
W B5 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.4 in A major
W B6a Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.5 in F major
W B6b Sonata for viola da gamba in F major
W B7 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 10 No.6 in D major
W B8 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 15 No.3 in D major
W B9 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 15 No.4 in B flat major
W B10 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.1 in D major
W B11 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.2 in G major
W B12 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.3 in C major
W B13 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.4 in A major
W B14 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.5 in D major
W B15a Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 16 No.6 in F major
W B15b Sonata for viola da gamba in F major
W B16 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 18 No.1 in C major
W B17 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 18 No.2 in D major
W B18 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 18 No.3 in E flat major
W B19 Sonata for keyboard & violin Op. 18 No.4 in G major
W B20 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.1 in F major
W B21 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.2 in D major
W B22 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.3 in G major
W B23 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.4 in A major
W B24 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.5 in G major
W B25 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.6 in D major
W B26 Sonata for keyboard & violin No.7 in F major
W B27 Sonata for keyboard & violin in A major
W B28 Trio Sonata (lost)
W B29 Trio Sonata (lost)
W B30 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.5 in D major
W B31 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.2 in A major
W B32 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.6 in C major
W B33 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.4 in G major
W B34 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.3 in E flat major
W B35 Trio Sonata Op. 2 No.1 in B flat major
W B36 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.3 in D major
W B37 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.1 in G major
W B38 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.2 in E flat major
W B39 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.5 in B flat major
W B40 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.6 in F major
W B41 Trio Sonata Op. 8 No.4 in E major
W B42 Trio for 2 violins & cello in B flat major
W B43 Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.1 in F major
W B44 Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.2 in G major
W B45 Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.3 in D major
W B46 Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.4 in C major
W B47a Keyboard Trio in A major (Milanese version)
W B47b Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.5 in A major
W B48 Keyboard Trio Op. 2 No.6 in E flat major
W B49 Keyboard Trio Op. 15 No.1 in C major
W B50 Keyboard Trio Op. 15 No.2 in A major
W B51 Quartet Op. 8 No.1 in C major
W B52 Quartet Op. 8 No.2 in D major
W B53 Quartet Op. 8 No.3 in E flat major
W B54 Quartet Op. 8 No.4 in F major
W B55 Quartet Op. 8 No.5 in G major
W B56 Quartet Op. 8 No.6 in B flat major
W B57 Flute Quartet in D major
W B58 Flute Quartet in C major
W B59 Flute Quartet in A major
W B60 Quartet in B flat major
W B61 Quartet with 2 flutes Op. 19 No.1 in C major
W B62 Quartet with 2 flutes Op. 19 No.2 in D major
W B63 Quartet with 2 flutes Op. 19 No.3 in G major
W B64 Quartet with 2 flutes Op. 19 No.4 in C major
W B65 Quartet with 2 oboes (lost)
W B66 Keyboard Quartet in G major
W B67 Keyboard Quartet (lost)
W B68 Keyboard Quartet (lost)
W B69 Keyboard Quartet (lost)
W B70 Quintet Op. 11 No.1 in C major
W B71 Quintet Op. 11 No.2 in G major
W B72 Quintet Op. 11 No.3 in F major
W B73 Quintet Op. 11 No.4 in E flat major
W B74 Quintet Op. 11 No.5 in A major
W B75 Quintet Op. 11 No.6 in D major
W B76 Keyboard Quintet Op. 22 No.1 in D major
W B77 Keyboard Quintet Op. 22 No.2 in F major
W B78 Sextet for winds, strings & keyboard in C major
W B79 Military Quintet No.1 in E flat major
W B80 Military Quintet No.2 in E flat major
W B81 Military Quintet No.3 in B flat major
W B82 Military Quintet No.4 in E flat major
W B83 March of the regiment "Prinz von Ernst" in E flat major
W B84 March of the regiment "Brauschweig" in E flat major
W B85 March of the regiment "Württemberg" in E flat major
W B86 March in E flat major "zu Pferde"
W B87 March in E flat major "zu Fuß"
W B88 March "vom ersten Bataillon Garde-Regiments in Hannover"
W B89 March "vom zweiten Bataillon Garde-Regiments in Hannover"
W B90 March in E flat major
W B91 March in E flat major
W B92 March in E flat major
W B93 March in B flat major
W BInc1 Sonata for guitar & violin in C major
W BInc2 Trio for 2 flutes & cello in G major
W BInc3 Trio for harp, violin & cello in B flat major
W BInc4 Keyboard Quartet in A major
W BInc5 String Quintet in B flat major
W BInc6 Divertimento (lost)
W BInc7 Symphony for winds No.1 in E flat major
W BInc8 Symphony for winds No.2 in B flat major
W BInc9 Symphony for winds No.3 in E flat major
W BInc10 Symphony for winds No.4 in B flat major
W BInc11 Symphony for winds No.5 in E flat major
W BInc12 Symphony for winds No.6 in B flat major

Orchestral Works
W C1 Symphony Op. 3 No.1 in D major
W C2 Symphony Op. 3 No.2 in C major
W C3 Symphony Op. 3 No.3 in E flat major
W C4 Symphony Op. 3 No.4 in B flat major
W C5 Symphony Op. 3 No.5 in F major
W C6 Symphony Op. 3 No.6 in G major
W C7a Symphony Op. 6 No.1 in G major
W C7b Symphony in G major
W C8 Symphony Op. 6 No.2 in D major
W C9 Symphony Op. 6 No.3 in E flat major
W C10 Symphony Op. 6 No.4 in B flat major
W C11 Symphony Op. 6 No.5 in E flat major
W C12 Symphony Op. 6 No.6 in G minor
W C13 Symphony Op. 8 No.2 in G major
W C14 Symphony Op. 8 No.3 in D major
W C15 Symphony Op. 8 No.4 in F major
W C16a Symphony in C major (Venier No.46)
W C16b Symphony in C major
W C17a Symphony in B flat major
W C17b Symphony Op. 9 No.1 in B flat major
W C18a Symphony in E flat major
W C18b Symphony Op. 9 No.2 in E flat major
W C19 Symphonie périodique in E flat major
W C20 Symphony Op. 12 No.1 (lost)
W C21 Symphony Op. 12 No.2 (lost)
W C22 Symphony Op. 12 No.3 (lost)
W C23 Symphony Op. 12 No.4 (lost)
W C24 Symphony Op. 12 No.5 (lost)
W C25 Symphony Op. 12 No.6 (lost)
W C26 Symphony Op. 18 No.1 in E flat major
W C27 Symphony Op. 18 No.4 in D major
W C28 Symphony Op. 18 No.5 in E major
W C29 Symphony a 6 (lost)
W C30 Overture a 6 (lost)
W C31 Symphony for double orchestra (lost)
W C32 Concertante for 2 violins & cello in G major
W C33 Concertante for 2 violins & oboe in E flat major
W C34 Concertante for violin & cello in A major
W C35 Concertante for 2 violins in D major
W C36a Concertante for 2 violins & cello in C major
W C36b Concertante for 2 violins & cello in C major
W C37 Concertante for flute, oboe & bassoon in E flat major
W C38 Concertante for oboe & bassoon in F major
W C39 Concertante for 2 flutes, 2 violins & cello in D major
W C40 Concertante for 2 oboes, 2 horns & string quintet in E flat major
W C41 Concertante for flute, 2 clarinets, 2 horns & bassoon in E flat major
W C42 Concertante for 2 violins & cello in E flat major
W C43 Concertante for flute, oboe, violin & cello in C major
W C44 Concertante for flute, 2 violins & cello in E major
W C45 Concertante for oboe & string trio in G major (lost)
W C46 Concertante for violin & cello in B flat major
W C47 Concertante for oboe, violin & 2 cellos (lost)
W C48 Concertante for piano, oboe, violin & cello in B flat major
W C49 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.1 in B flat major
W C50 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.2 in A major
W C51 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.3 in F major
W C52 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.4 in G major
W C53 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.5 in C major
W C54 Keyboard Concerto Op. 1 No.6 in D major
W C55 Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.1 in C major
W C56 Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.2 in F major
W C57 Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.3 in D major
W C58 Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.4 in B flat major
W C59 Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.5 in E flat major
W C60a Keyboard Concerto Op. 7 No.6 in G major
W C60b Keyboard Concerto in G major
W C61 Keyboard Concerto Op. 14 in E flat major
W C62 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.1 in C major
W C63 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.2 in D major
W C64 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.3 in F major
W C65 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.4 in B flat major
W C66 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.5 in G major
W C67 Keyboard Concerto Op. 13 No.6 in E flat major
W C68 Harpsichord Concerto No.1 in B flat major
W C69 Harpsichord Concerto No.2 in F minor
W C70 Harpsichord Concerto No.3 in D minor
W C71 Harpsichord Concerto No.4 in E major
W C72 Harpsichord Concerto No.5 in G major
W C73 Harpsichord Concerto No.6 in F minor
W C74 Concerto "nach Tartinis Manier" (lost)
W C75 Piano Concerto in E flat major
W C76 Violin Concerto in C major
W C77 Cello Concerto (lost) (Edit- found, and played frequently)
W C78 Flute Concerto in G major
W C79 Flute Concerto in D major
W C80 Oboe Concerto No.1 in F major
W C81 Oboe Concerto No.2 in F major
W C82 Bassoon Concerto in E flat major
W C83 Bassoon Concerto in B flat major
W C84 Minuet for Her Majesty's Birthday in F major
W C85 Minuet for Her Majesty's Birthday in C major
W CInc1 Symphony in B flat major
W CInc2 Symphony in D major
W CInc3 Symphony in E flat major
W CInc4 Symphony in F major
W CInc5 Concertante for flute, 2 violins & cello in G major
W CInc6 Harpsichord Concerto in E major
W CInc7 Violin Concerto (lost)
W CInc8 Flute Concerto in D major (lost)
W CInc9 A Favorite Minuet in E flat major

Oratorios
W D1 Gioas, re di Giuda
W DInc1 Chorus for Piccinni's The Death of Abel (lost)
W DInc2 Choruses for Pergolesi's Stabat Mater (lost)

Liturgical Works
W E1 Kyrie in D major (lost)
W E2 Kyrie in D major
W E3 Gloria in D major
W E4 Gloria in G major
W E5 Credo in C major
W E6 Invitatorium in F major
W E7 Lectio del officio per gli morti I
W E8 Lectio del officio per gli morti II
W E9 Lectio del officio per gli morti III
W E10 Miserere in B flat major
W E11 Ingresso e Kyrie della Messa de Morti in C minor
W E12 Dies Irae in C minor
W E13 Domine ad adjuvandum in D major
W E14 Domine ad adjuvandum in G major
W E15 Dixit Dominus in D major
W E16 Confitebor tibi Domine in E flat major
W E17 Beatus vir in F major
W E18 Laudate pueri in E major
W E19 Laudate pueri in G major
W E20 Magnificat a 8 in C major (unfinished)
W E21 Magnificat a 8 in C major
W E22 Magnificat a 4 in C major
W E23 Salve Regina in E flat major
W E24 Salve Regina in F major
W E25 Tantum ergo in F major
W E26 Tantum ergo in G major
W E27 Te Deum a 8 in D major (incomplete)
W E28 Te Deum a 4 in D major

Sacred Works
W F1 Pater Noster a 8 (lost)
W F2 Attendite mortales in A minor
W F3 Larvae tremendae in D major
W F4a Si nocte tenebrosa in G minor "for Raaf"
W F4b Si nocte tenebrosa in G minor "for Pompili"
W F5 Let the solemn organs blow in D major
W FInc1 Motet a 2 (lost)
W FInc2 Motet a 3 (lost)

Operas & Incidental Music
W G1 Artaserse
W G2 Catone in Utica
W G3 Alessandro nell'Indie
W G4 Orione, ossia Diana vendicata
W G5 Zanaïda
W G6 Adriano in Siria
W G7 Carattaco
W G8 Temistocle
W G9 Lucio Silla
W G10 La clemenza di Scipione
W G11 Cantata a tre voci
W G12 Galatea (lost)
W G13 Cantata (lost)
W G14 Serenata (lost)
W G15 Endimione
W G16 La tempesta
W G17 O Venere vezzosa
W G18 Amor vincitore
W G19 Cefalo e Procri
W G20 Rinaldo ed Armida (lost)
W G21 Demofoonte
W G22 La Giulia
W G23 Gli Uccelatori
W G24 Il tutore e la pupilla
W G25 Astarto, re di Tiro
W G26 La cascina
W G27 La calamita de' cuori
W G28 L'Olimpiade
W G29 Orfeo ed Euridice (London, 1770)
W G30 Aria (lost)
W G31 Aria (lost)
W G32 Aria (lost)
W G33 Aria cantabile (lost)
W G34 Vo solcando un mar crudele in D major
W G35 Sventurata in van mi lagno in E flat major
W G36a Perchè si ingrata, oh Dio! in E flat major
W G36b Ah che gli stessi numi...Cara ti lascio
W G37 A si barbaro colpo...Morte, vieni
W G38 Scena di Berenice (lost)
W G39 "Amadis de Gaule"
W G40 Omphale (lost)
W G41 Happy Morn, auspicious rise
W G42 The Fairy Favour (lost)
W G43 The Maid of the Mill
W G44 The Summer's Tale
W G45 The Genius of Nonesense (lost)
W GInc1 Cantata (lost)
W GInc2 Emira
W GInc3 Gli equivoci
W GInc4 Qualor da un galantuomo in B flat major
W GInc5 Coeurs sensibles in B flat major
W GInc6 Ode on the arrival of Queen Charlotte
W GInc7 Menalcas
W GInc8 Pharnaces (lost)
W GInc9 Amintas (lost)

Arias & Songs
W H1 Mezendore
W H2 Der Weise auf dem Lande
W H3 So fliehst du mich (lost)
W H4 Canzonetta: Io lo so, che il bel sembiante
W H5 Canzonetta: Trova un sol, mia bella Clori
W H6 Canzonetta: Che ciascun per te sospiri
W H7 Canzonetta: Chi mai di questo core
W H8 Canzonetta: Ascoltami, o Clori
W H9 Canzonetta: Lascia ch'io possa, o Nice
W H10 Canzonetta: Parlami pur sincera
W H11 Canzonetta: Eccomi alfin disciolto
W H12 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.1: Già la notte s'avvicina
W H13 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.2: Ah rammenta, o bella Irene
W H14 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.3: Pur nel sonno almen talora
W H15 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.4: T'intendo si, mio cor
W H16 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.5: Che ciascun per te sospiri
W H17 Canzonetta Op. 4 No.6: Ascoltami, o Clori
W H18 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.1: Torna in quell'onda chiara
W H19 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.2: Io lo so, che il bel sembiante
W H20 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.3: E pur fra le tempeste
W H21 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.4: Trova un sol, mia bella Clori
W H22 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.5: Chi mai di questo core
W H23 Canzonetta Op. 6 No.6: Se infida tu mi chiami
W H24 Vauxhall Song: By my sighs you may discover
W H25 Vauxhall Song: Cruel Strephon, will you leave me
W H26 Vauxhall Song: Come Colin, pride of rural swains
W H27 Vauxhall Song: Ah, why shou'd love with tyrant
W H28 Vauxhall Song: In this shady blest retreat
W H29 Vauxhall Song: Smiling Venus, Goddess dear
W H30 Vauxhall Song: Tender Virgins, shun deceivers
W H31 Vauxhall Song: Lovely yet ungrateful swain
W H32 Vauxhall Song: When chilling winter hies away (lost)
W H33 Vauxhall Song: Midst silent shades and purling streams
W H34 Vauxhall Song: Ah seek to know what place detains
W H35 Vauxhall Song: Would you a female heart inspire
W H36 Vauxhall Song: Cease a while ye winds to blow
W H37 Vauxhall Song: See the kind indulgent gales
W H38 Vauxhall Song: Oh how blest is the condition
W H39 Vauxhall Song: Hither turn thy wand'ring eyes
W H40 Vauxhall Finale: Ode to Pleasure (lost)
W H41 Vauxhall Finale: Ode to Summer (lost)
W H42 Vauxhall Finale: The Pastoral Invitation (lost)
W H43 Neptune
W HInc1 Song(s) with unknown text(s) (lost)
W HInc2 Canzonetta: Se tu m'ami, se sospiri

Miscellaneous Works
W I1 Polonaise for keyboard in D minor
W I2 Fughettas for organ (lost)
W I3 Cadenzas for the concerto Op. 7 No.5 in E flat major

Arrangements of other composers' works
W LA1 Concerto for harpsichord solo No.1 in C major
W LA2 Concerto for harpsichord solo No.2 in E flat major
W LA3 Concerto for harpsichord solo No.3 in C major
W LAInc1 Overture in D major
W LG1 Orfeo ed Euridice (Naples, 1774)
W LG2 Ebben si vada...Io ti lascio in A major
W LG3 Mi scordo i torti...Dolci aurette in E flat major
W LG4 Sentimi non partir...Al mio bène in E flat major
W LG5 Infelice in van...Là nei regni in A major
W LH1 The Braes of Ballenden
W LH2 The Broom of Cowdenknows
W LH3 I'll never leave thee
W LH4 Lochaber
W LH5 The yellow-hair'd Laddie (lost)
W LHInc1 Not on beauty's transient pleasure

Arrangemnts of J.C. Bach's works by other composers
W XC 1 Symphony Op. 18 No.6 in D major

Attributed and spurious works
W YA28 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands in D major
W YA29 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands in G major
W YA30 Sonata for keyboard 4-hands in C major
W YA50 Fugue on BACH for organ in F major
W YB22 Violin Sonata Op. 20 No.2 in D major
W YB43 Trio for flute or violin, violin & continuo in B flat major
W YB47 Trio for flute, flute or violin & cello in C major
W YC90 Keyboard Concerto in E flat major
W YC91 Keyboard Concerto in A major
W YLA3 Keyboard Sonata in D major

References

*1911

Further reading

* Ernest Warburton, "Johann Christian Bach," in Christoph Wolff et al., "The New Grove Bach Family." NY: Norton, 1983 (ISBN 0-393-30088-9), pp. 315ff.
* Philipp Spitta, "Johann Sebastian Bach," trans. Clara Bell & J. A. Fuller-Maitland, NY: Dover, 1951 (reprint of 1889 ed.).
* Christoph Wolff, ed., "The New Bach Reader," NY: Norton, 1998.
* Heinz Gärtner, " John Christian Bach: Mozart's Friend and Mentor", trans. Reinhard Pauly. Portland, Ore.: Amadeus Press, 1994.
* Charles Sanford Terry, "John Christian Bach". London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
* Percy M. Young, "The Bachs: 1500-1850", London: J.M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1970.

External links

* [http://www.earlymusicworld.com/id1.html Article: "Gainsborough and Music" by Brian Robins]
*IckingArchive|idx=J.C.Bach|name=Johann Christian Bach
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* [http://hdl.handle.net/1802/4643 Flute sonatas, W. B 10-15] , 1780 edition (From the Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection)