W. A. C. Bennett

Infobox_President
name = William Andrew Cecil Bennett


caption = William Andrew Cecil Bennett
order = 25th Premier of British Columbia
term_start = August 1, 1952
term_end = September 15, 1972
predecessor = Byron Ingemar Johnson
successor = Dave Barrett
birth_date = birth date|1900|9|6|mf=y
birth_place = Hastings, New Brunswick
death_date = death date and age | 1979|02|23|1900|09|06
death_place =
party = Social Credit
spouse = May Bennett
religion = United Church|

William Andrew Cecil Bennett, PC, OC (September 6, 1900 – February 23, 1979) was Premier of the Canadian province of British Columbia. With just over 20 years in office, Bennett was and remains the longest-serving premier in British Columbia history. He was usually referred to as W.A.C. Bennett, although many referred to him either affectionately or mockingly as "Wacky" Bennett. To his close friends, he was known as "Ceece".

Bennett was born in Hastings, Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada, the son of Andrew Havelock Bennett and Mary Emma Burns. His father was a 3rd cousin of Richard Bedford Bennett, eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.

At the age of 18, he and his family moved to Edmonton, Alberta and then to Westlock, Alberta, where Bennett's father operated a hardware store. Bennett soon moved to Kelowna, British Columbia where he opened his own hardware store. A successful merchant, he served as President of the Kelowna Board of Trade from 1937 to 1939. He entered provincial politics in the October 21, 1941 provincial election when he was elected as the Conservative member of the British Columbia Legislative Assembly for South Okanagan. Following the election, the Conservative and Liberal parties voted to henceforth govern in coalition, an arrangement formally titled the British Columbia Coalition Organization. As a coalitionist, Bennett was re-elected in 1945, but vacated the seat in 1948 in order to run, unsuccessfully, as Progressive Conservative candidate in the Yale federal by-election of that year. Regaining the Coalition nomination for the South Okanagan seat, Bennett was returned to the British Columbia Legislative Assembly in the 1949 provincial election.

After failing in his bid to become leader of the provincial Progressive Conservative Party in 1951, he left the party to sit as an independent member. In December of that year, he took out a membership in the Social Credit League.

Commencing with the 1952 provincial election, the province used an alternative vote system that had been designed to enable the Conservative and Liberal parties to keep the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation out of power. Unexpectedly, this enabled Social Credit to win the largest number of seats, arguably because of second-preference ballots from CCF voters.

With only 19 seats out of a total of 48, Social Credit fell short of holding a majority. Bennett had succeeded in convincing an independent labour Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) to support the party, and so the Socreds were able to form a minority government.

The party had no leader, however. In a vote of the newly elected caucus, Bennett defeated Philip Gaglardi for the position of party leader and premier-elect on July 15, 1952 by a margin of 10 to 9.

[
H.R.H. the Princess Margaret in Kelowna, BC on July 19, 1958] On August 1, he was sworn in as Premier of British Columbia, an office he held for twenty years until 1972. Bennett engineered the defeat of his minority government with a school funding proposal, and forced an election in 1953. Social Credit was re-elected with a clear majority. Alternative voting was not used in BC again.

A conservative, he served also as the Minister of Finance, keeping tight control over government spending while leading his province into an era of modernization and prosperity.

While the Social Credit party was founded to promote the social credit theories of monetary reform, these could not be implemented at the provincial level, as the Alberta Social Credit Party had learned in the 1930s. Bennett quickly converted the provincial party into one advocating a mix of populism and conservatism, and it became a vehicle for those who sought to keep the CCF out of power. However, he did actively campaign for the Social Credit Party of Canada in federal election campaigns. During the 1957 election, he spoke for the party at a rally in Regina, Saskatchewan. In the 1965 election, Bennett and his cabinet ministers toured BC to encourage voters to elect Social Credit Members of Parliament to promote BC's interests.

Following his party's defeat in the 1972 election by Dave Barrett's revitalized New Democratic Party (the successor to the CCF), he served as Leader of the Opposition until resigning his seat as member for South Okanagan in June 1973.

His son, Bill Bennett, won the South Okanagan by-election in September, and W.A.C. Bennett retired as leader of the Social Credit Party on November 15 , and his son W.R. Bennett, known as "Bill", was elected leader of the BC Social Credit Party on November 24, 1973. NDP Premier Dave Barrett dropped the writ and sought re-election in the fall of 1975, the Socreds were returned to power with 35 seats in the 55-seat Legislature, and W.A.C.'s son Bill became the new Premier of British Columbia, inheriting his father's mantle of power as well as many of his father's cabinet.

In 1976, W.A.C. Bennett was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. He died in 1979, and was interred in the Kelowna Municipal Cemetery, in Kelowna, British Columbia.

In 1998, the Government of Canada honored W.A.C. Bennett with his portrait on a postage stamp of Canada. The W.A.C. Bennett Dam near Hudson's Hope, built under the Two River Policy, is named after him. The library at the Burnaby campus of Simon Fraser University also bears his name. He was featured on the cover of Time Magazine on September 30, 1966.

Quotes

*"Just say that I smiled and I smiled and I smiled!" -- signature riposte when asked to respond to criticism from opposition party or media
*"The finest sound in the land is the ringing of cash registers."
*"The Socialist Hordes are at the gates of British Columbia!"
*"I couldn't give it away, so we decided to build it and run it." - On the British Columbia Railway.
*"We are a young country; we must build on the solid rock of sound economic policies and balanced budgets. But, we must be prepared, as a nation, to step from the solid rock onto new ground. The path of ease, the path of tradition alone, is not the path of a greater Canada." - Addressing the Canadian Chamber of Commerce in 1962.
*"I'm plugged into God" - On the reason for his political successes
*"It's the smell of money." - To residents complaining of the smell of a local pulp mill
*"They couldn't run a peanut stand." - On the New Democratic Party
*"You may not be my friend, but I'll be your friend, even if I'm the last friend you ever have." - On his frequent application of "my friend" to everyone, including political opponents.
*"The answer is 'No'." - How Wacky Bennett would emphasize his stubborn opposition

Further reading

*"W.A.C.: Bennett and the rise of British Columbia", David J. Mitchell (ISBN 0-88894-395-4) - the most authoritative biography

External links

* [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-73-1637-11303/politics_economy/british_columbia_elections/clip2 Jack Wasserman interviewing W.A.C. Bennett about the 1952 election, CBC Archives TV clip]