Thoracic aorta

Thoracic aorta

Infobox Artery
Name = PAGENAME
Latin = pars thoracica aortae, aorta thoracalis
GraySubject = 153
GrayPage = 598


Caption = The thoracic aorta, viewed from the left side.


Caption2 = Histopathological image of dissecting aneurysm of thoracic aorta in a patient without evidence of Marfan's trait. The damaged aorta was surgically removed and replaced by artificial vessel. Victoria blue & HE stain.
BranchFrom = descending aorta
BranchTo = bronchial arteries, esophageal arteries, posterior intercostal arteries, abdominal aorta
Vein =
Supplies =
MeshName = Aorta,+Thoracic
MeshNumber = A07.231.114.056.372
DorlandsPre = p_07
DorlandsSuf = 12617966
The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity.

It begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it is continuous with the aortic arch, and ends in front of the lower border of the tenth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm where it becomes the abdominal aorta.

At its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column; it approaches the median line as it descends; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column.

The vessel describes a curve which is concave forward; as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is insignificant.

Relations

It is in relation, anteriorly, from above downward, with the root of the left lung, the pericardium, the esophagus, and the diaphragm; posteriorly, with the vertebral column and the hemiazygos veins; on the right side, with the azygos vein and thoracic duct; on the left side, with the left pleura and lung.

The esophagus, with its accompanying plexus of nerves, lies on the right side of the aorta above; but at the lower part of the thorax it is placed in front of the aorta, and, close to the diaphragm, is situated on its left side.

Branches

Branches before thoracic aorta

The initial part of the aorta, the ascending aorta, rises out of the left ventricle, from which it is separated by the aortic valve. The two coronary arteries of the heart arise from the aortic root, just above the cusps of the aortic valve.

The aorta then arches back over the right pulmonary artery. Three vessels come out of the aortic arch, the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. These vessels supply blood to the head, neck, thorax and upper limbs.

Branches of thoracic aorta

The aorta gives off several paired branches as it descends in the thorax. These includes the
*bronchial arteries
*esophageal arteries
*posterior intercostal arteries


=Additional

External links

* [http://faculty.ucc.edu/biology-potter/Blood_Vessels/sld004.htm UCC]


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