The Spirits Book

The Spirits' Book ("Le Livre des Esprits" in original French) is one of The Five Fundamental Works of Spiritism, and was published by the French educator Allan Kardec in 1857 April 18. It was the first and remains the most important spiritist book, because it touches in first hand all questions developed subsequently by Allan Kardec.

The book is structured as a FAQ, or, as a collection of questions, regarding the origin of the spirits, the purpose of the life, the order of the universe, evil and good and the afterlife. Its answers, according to Kardec, were given to him by a group of spirits who identified themselves as "The Spirit of Truth", whom with he communicated with in several Spiritist sessions in the decade of the 1850s. Kardec, who never considered himself an author but an organizer for this book, grouped the questions and its answers by theme, occasionally interrupted by lengthier digressions the spirits dictated to him on specific subjects, some of them even signed by philosophers such as Augustine of Hippo and Thomas of Aquino and writers like Voltaire, among others.

Overview

The basic concepts presented by the book are:

* Monotheism,
* Monism (i.e. there is only one Supreme Being, the source of all good and evil alike),
* Creationism (i.e. God created the principle of everything, not things as they are now),
* validity of Jesus' ethics and moral teachings,
* survival of the soul (spirit) after death (disincarnation),
* Reincarnation of the souls (plurality of existences),
* inherent morality of God and His creation,
* existence of life all over the Universe (plurality of worlds),
* progression of the soul towards perfection by experience through several lives,
* migration of spirits from one world to another (transmigration),
* possibility of manifestation of spirits in the living world by means of mediums,
* karma (not actually termed such) as an explanation for apparent injustices,
* Good works are more important to spiritual realisation than faith itself.

Monotheism in Spiritism

Spiritist doctrine on God is very different from standard trinitarian Christianism, or even Judaism in many points — although spiritists claim that they worship the same Judaeo-Christian God.

First of all, God is understood as God-the-Father. Christ is merely one of his messengers to mankind, though probably the most important and perfect ever. Christ is not God, and not necessarily the son of God in literal terms. The subject of His virgin birth, for instance, is not even addressed.

The Holy Ghost has even its own individual existence plainly denied: according to spiritism, the purported manifestations of the Holy Spirit were actually mediumnic incorporations of discarnated spirits.

God is acknowledged to have most of the traditional attributes of the Christian god: He is the supreme intelligence and primary cause of all things, He is eternal, immutable, unique, omnipotent, supremely just and good.

Moreover, adding to His singularity, There is no "devil" in spiritism.

Contents

"The Spirits Book" is divided into four parts or "books", each one split into several chapters. Chapters are not regularly subdivided into sections — though most have titles marking the beginning of particularly sought subjects. Book 3's chapters, for some reason, are not numbered.

# Book One (untitled) deals with the origins of the universe and the attributes of God.
## Chapter 1 (God) is intended to clarify the true essence of God.
## Chapter 2 (General Elements of the Universe) explains the difference between spiritual and material matter and why spirits are not believed by materialists.
## Chapter 3 (Vital Principle) is about the differences between animate and inanimate beings, between the living and the dead and the features of intelligence compared to instinct.
# Book Two (The Spirit-World) describes spiritual life.
## Chapter 1 (Spirits) explains what spirits are, where they come from, what they are like, how they manifest, the purpose of their existence, and how people perceive them.
## Chapter 2 (Incarnation of Spirits) is about why spirits incarnate in material bodies.
## Chapter 3 (Return from Corporeal Life to Spirit Life) is about disincarnation (death).
## Chapter 4 (Plurality of Existences) is about reincarnation.
## Chapter 5 (Considerations on the Plurality of Existences) is an essay by Kardec meant to clarify the doctrine of the previous chapter.
## Chapter 6 (Spirit Life) describes what exists in the afterlife, the spiritual world.
## Chapter 7 (Return to Corporeal Life) explains how and when spirits come back to life by literally being born again.
## Chapter 8 (Emancipation of the Soul) is about situations in which the spirit of a living person may be free to interact with the spirits of the dead, as in near-death experiences or during a deep sleep. This chapter does not cover waking mediumship.
## Chapter 9 (Intervention of Spirits in the Material World) is about situations in which the spirits of the dead may, ostensibly or not, intentionally or not, have any form of influence on events of the living world.
## Chapter 10 (Occupations and Missions of the Spirits) is an essay by Kardec on the different reasons why high spirits interfere with the world.
## Chapter 11 (The Three Reigns) is about the differences between inanimate beings (mineral), plants, and animals and contains the standard spiritist doctrine on Metempsychosis.
# Book Three (Moral Laws) contains what Kardec regarded as the kernel of his doctrine, the special and fair (in his view) moral laws that provided explanations and consoled people in moments of anger or grief. Such laws were actually the following:
#* Divine Law
#* The Law of Adoration
#* The Law of Labour
#* The Law of Reproduction
#* The Law of Preservation
#* The Law of Destruction
#* Social Law
#* The Law of Progress
#* The Law of Equality
#* The Law of Liberty
#* The Law of Justice, Love and Charity
#* Moral Perfection
# Book Four (Hopes and Consolations) is about the most common doubts people have about religion in general and tries to solve the most sensitive ones under new light.
## Chapter 1 (Earthly Joys and Sorrows) is about the meaning of the experiences we have on Earth, both good and bad.
## Chapter 2 (Future Joys and Sorrows) is about the laws governing the future lives we are bound to live after we die.

ome Basic Concepts of Spiritism

Some aspects of the doctrine contained are:

* Man is a Spirit with a material body, i.e. our truer selves are not material, but spiritual.
* A living person is made of three entities: the spirit, the body and the spiritual body (the perispirit) that binds both. The perispirit is an original doctrine of Spiritism.
* Spirits pre-exist and will survive matter that was created.
* There are not angels or demons as separate orders in the creation, but only good and evil spirits. Even a beastly person will eventually attain perfection.
* All Spirits are created simple and ignorant. They gradually evolve intellectually and morally, so passing from an inferior order to more elevated ones until finally reaching perfection.
* All Spirits preserve their individuality, before, during and after each life (incarnation). However, the amount of memory one retains depends on one's level of spiritual progression.
* The different corporeal existences of the Spirit are progressive and not regressive. The pace of their progress, however, depends on the effort made towards betterment. Spirits can stagnate for so long that it seems to be an eternity and it can even appear that they have retrograded.
* Spirits pertain to various orders, according to the degree of perfection they have attained, in three major categories (with fluid limits and unknown number of subcategories): Pure Spirits, who have attained maximum perfection; Good Spirits, whose desire towards goodness predominates, and Imperfect Spirits, who are characterized by ignorance and evil impulses. The relationship of Spirits with Man is constant and has always existed. The Good Spirits do their best to lead us towards goodness and uphold us during our trials, helping us to support them with courage and resignation. By contrast, the Imperfect Spirits try to incite us toward evil.
* Jesus is the guide and model for mankind. The Doctrine which he taught and exemplified is the most pure expression of God's Laws. However, most of the traditional doctrine on him being the Christ (Messiah) is seen under a different light. Aspects regarded as keystones of faith by most denominations, like trinitarianism and the virgin birth are not seen as important, while his resurrection is explained in another way. His death also has a different interpretation (instead of a sacrifice to atone for our sins, it is an example of the importance of being coherent and resisting temptation.
* Man has free will, but must face the consequences of his deeds.
* The future life is in accordance to one's behavior and learning needs.

External links

* [http://www.spiritwritings.com/kardecspiritstoc.html The Spirits' Book]
* [http://www.allankardec.com/Allan_Kardec/Le_livre_des_esprits/lesp_us.pdf The Spirits' Book] PDF file;