Reflex anal dilatation

Reflex anal dilatation

Reflex anal dilatation refers to a clinical marker associated with anal sexual assault in childrencite journal |author=Read NW, Sun WM |title=Reflex anal dilatation: effect of parting the buttocks on anal function in normal subjects and patients with anorectal and spinal disease |journal=Gut |volume=32 |issue=6 |pages=670–3 |year=1991 |month=June |pmid=2060876 |doi= |url=http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2060876] and adults. In reflex anal dilation, the anus reflexively opens to a diameter larger than 2 cm.

Anal dilation has been described in both abused children with a history of chronic anal sexual assault [C. Hobbs and J. Wynne, Buggery in childhood – a common syndrome of child abuse, Lancet 2 (1986), pp. 792–796] [J. Adams, K. Harper and S. Knudson et al., Examination findings in legally confirmed cases of child sexual abuse: it's normal to be normal, Pediatrics 94 (1994), pp. 310–317] and non-abused children with chronic constipation. [G. Clayden, Reflex anal dilatation associated with severe chronic constipation in children, Arch Dis Child 63 (1988), pp. 832–836]

Whilst experts do not agree on the significance of reflex anal dilation in sexual assault assessments, [David Bernard, Melissa Peters, Kathi Makoroff, "The Evaluation of Suspected Pediatric Sexual Abuse", Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2006, Pages 161-169] reflex anal dilation is generally considered an indeterminate sign that should be considered as suggestive of sexual assault in the absence of other predisposing factors (such as chronic constipation, sedation, anesthesia, neuromuscular conditions) [Joyce A. Adamns, "Medical Evaluation of Suspected Child Sexual Abuse", The Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Vol 17, 2005, pp 191–197J] and alongside other physical findings of sexual assault, and/or the disclosure of the child. [Marilyn StrachanPeterson, Michael Durfee, Kevin Coulter, Child abuse and neglect: Guidelines for Identification, Assessment, and Case Management, Volcano Press, 2003, ISBN: 1884244211] [Joyce A. Adams, Rich A. Kaplan, Suzanne P. Starling, Neha H. Mehta, Martin A. Finkel, Ann S. Botash, Nancy D. Kellogg and Robert A. Shapiro, Guidelines for Medical Care of Children Who May Have Been Sexually Abused, Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Volume 20, Issue 3, June 2007, Pages 163-172]

ee also

*Anal wink
*Body memory

References

External links

*GPnotebook|-60096512


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • reflex anal dilatation — noun Involuntary widening of the anus on examination • • • Main Entry: ↑reflex …   Useful english dictionary

  • reflex anal dilatation — noun the involuntary expansion of the anus on examination, used as an indicator of previous repeated anal penetration and for determining whether a child has been sexually abused …  

  • Anal wink — The anal wink, anal reflex, perineal reflex, or anocutaneous reflex is the reflexive contraction of the external anal sphincter upon stroking of the skin around the anus.A noxious or tactile stimulus will cause a wink contraction of the anal… …   Wikipedia

  • Anal — Anus Related meanings: *Anal bleaching, is the practice of bleaching the darker pigmentation of the skin around the anus. *Anal fissure *Anal retentive, describing a person overly uptight or distressed over ordinarily minor problems. *Anal sex,… …   Wikipedia

  • List of sexology topics — This is a list of topics related to sexology, human sexuality and marriage customs, and related topics such as human sexual anatomy, reproductive biology, andrology, gynaecology, obstetrics and, where relevant, anthropology. Note that this list… …   Wikipedia

  • Cleveland child abuse scandal — The Cleveland child abuse scandal occurred in Cleveland, England in 1987, where 121 cases of suspected child sexual abuse were diagnosed by Dr Marietta Higgs and Dr Geoffrey Wyatt, paediatricians at a Middlesbrough hospital (in the now abolished… …   Wikipedia

  • RAD — may mean:* Rad: Awesome, Cool * Abreviation for Radical * Rad (comics), a villainous character in AC Comics s Femforce * Rad (film), a 1986 release about a young BMX rider * Rad (Transformers), several fictional characters in the Transformers toy …   Wikipedia

  • digestive system disease — Introduction       any of the diseases that affect the human digestive tract. Such disorders may affect the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), pancreas, liver, or biliary tract. A prevalent disorder of the digestive… …   Universalium

  • List of dog diseases — This list of dog diseases is a continuously updated selection of diseases and other conditions found in the dog. Some of these diseases are unique to dogs or closely related species, while others are found in other animals, including humans. Not… …   Wikipedia

  • sinus — 1. [TA] A channel for the passage of blood or lymph, without the coats of an ordinary vessel; e.g., blood passages in the gravid uterus or those in the cerebral meninges. 2. [TA] A cavity or …   Medical dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/1446682 Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”