- Transport in Poland
This article is about transportation in
Poland .Railways
Poland is served by an extensive network of railways. In most cities the main railway station is located near a city centre and is well connected to the local transportation system. The infrastructure is operated by
PKP PLK ( PKP-Polskie Linie Kolejowe : PKP-Polish Rail Lines), part of state-runPKP Group.The only high speed rail line in central-eastern Europe, "Centralna Magistrala Kolejowa (CMK)" (Central Railway Route, length 221km), links
Warsaw withKraków andKatowice . Trains on the CMK achieve speed up to 160km/h (some sections allow up to 200km/h, but therolling stock has not yet been adapted to handle higher speed).Other high speed lines:
* Warsaw -Kutno -Poznań - (Berlin ) (140, 160 km/h)
* Warsaw - Siedlce - Terespol - (Minsk ) (160, 120 km/h) - being upgraded to 160km/h
* Warsaw - Puławy -Lublin (120, 140 km/h)
*Opole -Wrocław (160km/h) and further upgraded viaLegnica toHamburg The Warsaw -Gdańsk -Gdynia line is being upgraded to allow speed up to 200km/h, and the Warsaw-Łódź line is being upgraded to allow speed up to 160km/h (in order to bind together the Warsaw - Łódź agglomeration).There are long term plans to construct a new high speed line (300 km/h) from Warsaw to Poznań and Wrocław with forks inŁódź andKalisz .The
PKP Group is the fourth largest railway throughout Europe. Trains are run by:Passenger transport market
*
PKP Intercity - qualified passengers trains (express, intercity, eurocity, hotel and TLK)
*PKP Przewozy Regionalne - regional passengers trains (normal and fast train)
*Koleje Mazowieckie - local trains inMazovia
*SKM Tricity - fast urban railway inTricity
*Szybka Kolej Miejska (Warsaw) - suburban railway inWarsaw agglomeration
*Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa - suburban railway in Warsaw agglomeration
*Arriva PCC (joint venture formed byArriva andPCC Rail ) - part of the local train traffic inKuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Narrow gauge railways (those marked (M) are museum or tourist railways only, and play no role in the transport market):
*(M) Ełcka Kolej Wąskotorowa - Narrow Gauge railway in Ełk
*Gnieźnieńska Kolej Dojazdowa - Narrow Gauge railway in Gniezno
*(M) Górnośląskie Koleje Wąskotorowe - Upper Silesian Narrow gauge railway
* Gryficka Kolej Dojazdowa - Narrow gauge railway in Gryfice
* Kaliska Kolej Dojazdowa - accessible Narrow gauge railway in Kalisz
* Krośniewicka Kolej Dojazdowa - accessible Narrow gauge railway in Krośniewice
*(M) Nałęczowska Kolej Dojazdowa - accessible Narrow gauge railway in Nałęczów
*Przeworska Kolej Dojazdowa - accessible Narrow gauge railway in Przeworsk
*(M) Rogowska Kolej Wąskotorowa - Narrow gauge railway in Rogów
*(M) Sochaczewska Kolej Muzealna - museum railway in Sochaczew
*(M) Starachowicka Kolej Dojazdowa - Narrow gauge railway in Starachowice
* Śmigielska Kolej Dojazdowa - Narrow gauge railway in Śmigiel
*(M) Średzka Kolej Dojazdowa - Narrow gauge railway in Środa Wlkp.
*(M) Świętokrzyska Kolej Dojazdowa - Świętokrzyska Narrow gauge railway
*(M) Żnińska Kolej Powiatowa - Żnin district railway
*(M) Żuławska Kolej Dojazdowa - Żuławska Suburban RailwayFreight transport market
*
PKP Cargo
*PKP LHS - Metallurgic Broad Gauge Line
*PTK Holding SA - The Railway Transportation Holding in Zabrze
*Przedsiębiorstwo Transportu Kolejowego i Gospodarki Kamieniem Rybnik - The Railway Transport and Stone Management Company in Rybnik
*CTL Logistics
*PCC Rail Szczakowa - Rail Szczakowa website - part of the German concernPCC AG
*Kopalnia Piasku Kotlarnia - The Kotlarnia sand mine
*Kopalnia Piasku Kuźnica Warężyńska - The Kuźnica Warężyńska sand mine
*Orlen KolTrans
*Lotos Kolej
*Nadwiślanski Zakład Transportu Kolejowego- Vistula Rail Transport Company]Rail System
Total: 23,420 km
*standard gauge (1.435 m) : 21,639 km (11,626 km electrified; 8,978 km double track)
*broad gauge (1.524 m) : 646 km
*narrow gauge (various) : 1,135 km various gauges including 1.000 m, 0.785 m, 0.750 m, and 0.600 m (1998)As of December 2002 narrow gauge railways were no longer owned or operated by PKP. They were transferred to regional authorities or became independent companies.
Rail links with adjacent countries:
* Same gauge:
** Czech Republic
** Germany
** Slovakia
*Break-of-gauge - 1435mm/1524mm
** Lithuania
** Belarus
** Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast )
** UkraineMunicipal transport
Bus
Tram
Over 30 cities with tramway systems including
Gdańsk ,Katowice ,Kraków ,Łódź ,Poznań ,Szczecin ,Warszawa andWrocław . See the list:List of town tramway systems in Europe#Poland See also: Poznań Fast Tram
Trolleybus
Trolleybuses are used in three towns:
Gdynia (with some lines reachingSopot ),Lublin andTychy .Metro
Warsaw is the only city with a metro system:See:
Warsaw Metro Airports
Main airports
*Warsaw International Airport, handles 9 million passengers and 63,332 tonnes of cargo per year.
*Kraków International Airport, handles 3,042,351 passengers and 3,801 tonnes of cargo.
*Katowice International Airport , handles 1,980,358 passengers and 7,782 tonnes of cargo.
*Gdańsk International Airport, handles 1,708,739 passengers and 4,757 tonnes of cargo.
*Wrocław International Airport , handles 1,270,825 passengers and 1,457 tonnes of cargo.
*Poznań International Airport, handles 863,018 passengers and 2,453 tonnes of cargo.
*Łódź Władysław Reymont Airport, handles 312,365 passengers.
*Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport , handles 228,071 passengers and 1,773 tonnes of cargo.
*Rzeszów-Jasionka Airport , handles 274,272 passengers and 508 tonnes of cargo
*Bydgoszcz Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport . handles 181,576 and 411 tonnes of cargo.Number of airports in Poland - 123 (1999 est.)
Source (2007) http://www.ulc.gov.pl/_download/regulacja_rynku/statystyki/liczba_obsl_pasazerow_przesylek_20042007_150208.pdf
Airports - with paved runways
Total: 84 (2005)
*over 3,047 m: 4
*2,438 to 3,047 m: 29
*1,524 to 2,437 m: 41
*914 to 1,523 m: 7
*under 914 m: 3Airports - with unpaved runways
Total: 39 (2005)
*2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
*1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
*914 to 1,523 m: 13
*under 914 m: 21Heliports: 2 (2005)
See:
LOT Polish Airlines Marine
Waterways
3,812 km navigable rivers and canals (1996)
Ports and harbors
*
Port of Gdańsk
*Port of Gdynia
*Port of Szczecin-Świnoujście
* Port of Ustka
* Port of KołobrzegMerchant marine
Total: 57 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,120,165 GRT/DWT|1,799,569|metric|first=yes
Ships by type:bulk 50, cargo 2, chemical tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off 1, short-sea passenger 2 (1999 est.)
Roads
Total: 423,997 km
*paved: 295,356 km (including 665 km of expressways)
*unpaved: 128,641 km (2003)Motorways in Poland:
A1 | A2 | A4 | A6 | A8 | A18Pipelines
* Crude oil and petroleum products 2,280 km;
* Natural gas 13,500 km (2006 est.)See also
*
Bridges of Poland
*Ports of the Baltic Sea External links
* [http://www.plk-sa.pl/fileadmin/pdf/infrastruktura/5000-35_strona_Agc_agtc.pdf Rail
] (PDF) Most minor lines omitted
* [http://www.poland.gov.pl/gallery/serwis/polska_drogowa_d_879.jpgRoad
]
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