Jay

Taxobox
name = Jays

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image_width = 200px
image_caption = Blue Jay
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
familia = Corvidae
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision =
*"Garrulus"
*"Podoces"
*"Ptilostomus"
*"Perisoreus"
*"Aphelocoma"
*"Gymnorhinus"
*"Cyanocitta"
*"Calocitta"
*"Cyanocorax"
*"Cyanolyca"

The jays are several species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family Corvidae. The names "jay" and "magpie" are somewhat interchangeable, and the evolutionary relationships are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian Magpie seems more closely related to the Eurasian Jay than to the Oriental Blue and Green Magpies, whereas the Blue Jay is not closely related to either.

ystematics and species

"See" classification box for relevant genera links. Traditionally, the Crested Jay ("Platylophus galericulatus") is placed here, but apparently this is not correct, as suggested by anatomical and molecular evidenceFact|date=February 2007. Its placement remains unresolved; it does not seem to be a corvid at all. It should be noted that according to the research of Ericson "et al." (2005), jays are not a monophyletic group. Rather, they can be divided into an American and an Old World lineage (the latter including the ground jays and the Piapiac), while the gray jays of the genus "Perisoreus" form a group of their own. The Black Magpie, formerly believed to be related to jays, is classified as a treepie.

Old World ("brown") jays
* Eurasian Jay, "Garrulus glandarius"
* Lanceolated Jay, "Garrulus lanceolatus"
* Lidth's Jay, "Garrulus lidthi"

* Henderson's Ground Jay, "Podoces hendersoni"
* Biddulph's Ground Jay, "Podoces biddulphi"
* Persian Ground Jay, "Podoces pleskei"
* Grey Ground Jay, "Podoces panderi"

* Piapiac, "Ptilostomus afer"

Grey jays
* Siberian Jay, "Perisoreus infaustus"
* Sichuan Jay, "Perisoreus internigrans"
* Gray Jay, or Canada Jay or Whiskeyjack "Perisoreus canadensis"

American ("blue") jays
* Florida Scrub Jay, "Aphelocoma coerulescens"
* Island Scrub Jay, "Aphelocoma insularis"
* Western Scrub Jay, "Aphelocoma californica"
* Mexican Jay, "Aphelocoma ultramarina"
* Unicolored Jay, "Aphelocoma unicolor"

* Pinyon Jay, "Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus"

* Steller's Jay, "Cyanocitta stelleri"
* Blue Jay, "Cyanocitta cristata"

* Black-throated Magpie-jay, "Calocitta colliei"
* White-throated Magpie-jay, "Calocitta formosa"

* Tufted Jay, "Cyanocorax dickeyi"
* Black-chested Jay, "Cyanocorax affinis"
* Green Jay, "Cyanocorax ynca
* Brown Jay, "Cyanocorax morio"
* Bushy-crested Jay, "Cyanocorax melanocyaneus"
* San Blas Jay, "Cyanocorax sanblasianus"
* Yucatan Jay, "Cyanocorax yucatanicus"
* Purplish-backed Jay, "Cyanocorax beecheii"
* Purplish Jay, "Cyanocorax cyanomelas"
* Azure Jay, "Cyanocorax caeruleus"
* Violaceous Jay, "Cyanocorax violaceus"
* Curl-crested Jay, "Cyanocorax cristatellus"
* Azure-naped Jay, "Cyanocorax heilprini"
* Cayenne Jay, "Cyanocorax cayanus"
* Plush-crested Jay, "Cyanocorax chrysops"
* White-naped Jay, "Cyanocorax cyanopogon"
* White-tailed Jay, "Cyanocorax mystacalis"

* Black-collared Jay, "Cyanolyca armillata"
* Turquoise Jay, "Cyanolyca turcosa"
* White-collared Jay, "Cyanolyca viridicyana"
* Azure-hooded Jay, "Cyanolyca cucullata"
* Beautiful Jay, "Cyanolyca pulchra"
* Black-throated Jay, "Cyanolyca pumilo"
* Dwarf Jay, "Cyanolyca nana"
* Silvery-throated Jay, "Cyanolyca argentigula"
* White-throated Jay, "Cyanolyca mirabilis"

Also "see" treepies, magpies, nutcrackers, and crows.

In culture

lang

The word "jay" has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning an impertinent person.

The term "jaywalking" was coined in 1915 to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard. [http://m-w.com/dictionary/jaywalker] The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established. (OED|jay-walker).

References

* Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S. & Ekman, Jan (2005): Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data. "Journal of Avian Biology" 36: 222-234. [http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf PDF fulltext]

External links

* [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=188 Jay videos] on the Internet Bird Collection