Trisectrix

Trisectrix

In geometry, a trisectrix is a curve which can be used to trisect an arbitrary angle. Such a method falls outside those allowed by compass and straightedge constructions, so they do not contradict the well known theorem which states that an arbitrary angle cannot be trisected with that type of construction. There are a variety of such curves and the methods used to construct an angle trisector differ according to the curve. Examples include:
* Limaçon trisectrix (some sources refer to this curve as simply the trisectrix.)
* Trisectrix of Maclaurin
* Conchoid of Nicomedes
* Equilateral trefoil (aka Longchamps' Trisectrix)
* Tschirnhausen cubic (aka Catalan's trisectrix and L'hospital's cubic)
* Durer's folium
* Cubic parabola
* Hyperbola
* Rose with 3 petals
* Parabola

A related concept is a sectrix, which is a curve which can be used to divide an arbitrary angle by any integer. Examples include:
* Quadratrix of Hippias
* Sectrix of Maclaurin
* Sectrix of Ceva
* Sectrix of Delanges

Another related concept is a quadratrix, which is a curve which can be used to find the area of a circle. In many cases these are also sectrices as in the quadratrix of Hippias.

References

* [http://www.jimloy.com/geometry/trisect.htm#curves Loy, Jim "Trisection of an Angle", Part VI]
* [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Trisectrix.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Trisectrix." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.]
* [http://www.mathcurve.com/courbes2d/sectrice/sectrice.shtml "Sectrix curve" at Encyclopédie des Formes Mathématiques Remarquables] (In French)


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