Bak-Sneppen model

Bak-Sneppen model

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Sample of Bak-Sneppen model evolution: on the x axis the population status, on they axis (from top to the bottom) the history of the population. Each discontinuityrepresents an evolution.

The Bak-Sneppen model is a simple model of co-evolution between interacting species. It was developed to show how self-organized criticality may explain key features of the fossil record, such as the distribution of sizes of extinction events and the phenomenon of punctuated equilibrium. It is named after Per Bak and Kim Sneppen.

The model dynamics repeatedly eliminates the least adapted species and mutates it and its neighbors to recreate the interaction between species. A comprehensive study of the details of this model can be found in [http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v53/p414 "Phys. Rev. E" 53, 414-443 (1996)] . A solvable version of the model has been proposed in [http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v76/p348 "Phys. Rev. Lett." 76, 348–351 (1996)] , which [http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v54/p1082 shows] that the dynamics evolves sub-diffusively, driven by a long-range memory.

An evolutionary local search heuristic based on the Bak-Sneppen model, called extremal optimization, has been introduced in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TYF-40XGW6J-9&_user=10&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2000&_rdoc=9&_fmt=summary&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235617%232000%23998809998%23205975!&_cdi=5617&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=83eeb321ed5935b0dedda16f87ab1788 "Artificial Intelligence" 119, 275-286 (2000).]

References

* cite book
author = Bak, P.
date = 1996
title = How Nature Works: The Science of Self-Organized Criticality
publisher = Copernicus
location = New York
id = ISBN 0-387-94791-4

* cite journal
author = Bak, P. and Kim Sneppen
date = 1993
title = Punctuated equilibrium and criticality in a simple model of evolution
journal = Physical Review Letters
volume = 71
pages = 4083–4086
doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.4083

* cite journal
author = Kim Sneppen
date = 1992
title = Self-organized pinning and interface growth in a random medium
journal = Physical Review Letters
volume = 69
pages = 3539–3542
doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.3539

External links

* [http://cmol.nbi.dk/models/bs/bs.html Bak-Sneppen Evolution Model] as an interactive java applet.


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