Tree kingfisher

Taxobox
name = Tree Kingfishers

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image_caption = Woodland Kingfisher
("Halcyon senegalensis")
image_width = 200px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Coraciiformes
familia = Halcyonidae
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision =
*"Actenoides"
*"Carydonax"
*"Cittura"
*"Clytoceyx"
*"Halcyon"
*"Lacedo"
*"Melidora"
*"Pelargopsis"
*"Tanysiptera"
*"Dacelo"
*"Syma"
*"Todirhamphus"

The tree kingfishers or wood kingfishers, family Halcyonidae, are the most numerous of the three families of birds in the kingfisher group. There are between 56 and 61 species of tree kingfisher in around 12 genera, and include several species of kookaburras. The kingfishers are quite well-known: the vagueness of the counts reflects controversies in the taxonomy of this family more than any gross lack of data on the birds themselves; the present arrangement of genera seems to be well warranted by molecular analyses, although the relationship of many genera to one another is still unresolved (Moyle, 2006) [Moyle, Robert G. (2006): A Molecular Phylogeny of Kingfishers (Alcedinidae) With Insights into Early Biogeographic History. "Auk" 123(2): 487–499. [http://www.highbeam.com/library/docfree.asp?DOCID=1Y1:93480914&ctrlInfo=Round20%3AMode20a%3ADocG%3AResult&ao= HTML fulltext (without images)] ]

The family appears to have arisen in Indochina and the Malay Archipelago and then spread to many areas around the world. Tree kingfishers are widespread through Asia and Australasia, but also appear in Africa and the islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

List of species in taxonomic order

Genus "Lacedo"

* Banded Kingfisher, "Lacedo pulchella"

Genus "Dacelo", kookaburras

* Laughing Kookaburra, "Dacelo novaeguineae"
* Blue-winged Kookaburra, "Dacelo leachii"
* Spangled Kookaburra, "Dacelo tyro"
* Rufous-bellied Kookaburra, "Dacelo gaudichaud"

Genus "Clytoceyx"

* Shovel-billed Kookaburra, "Clytoceyx rex"

Genus "Cittura"

* Lilac Kingfisher, "Cittura cyanotis"

Genus "Pelargopsis"

* Brown-winged Kingfisher, "Pelargopsis amauropterus"
* Stork-billed Kingfisher, "Pelargopsis capensis"
* Black-billed Kingfisher, "Pelargopsis melanorhyncha"

Genus "Halcyon"

* Ruddy Kingfisher, "Halcyon coromanda"
* Chocolate-backed Kingfisher, "Halcyon badia"
* White-throated Kingfisher, "Halcyon smyrnensis"
* Grey-headed Kingfisher, "Halcyon leucocephala"
* Black-capped Kingfisher, "Halcyon pileata"
* Javan Kingfisher, "Halcyon cyanoventris"
* Woodland Kingfisher, "Halcyon senegalensis"
* Mangrove Kingfisher, "Halcyon senegaloides"
* Blue-breasted Kingfisher, "Halcyon malimbica"
* Brown-hooded Kingfisher, "Halcyon albiventris"
* Striped Kingfisher, "Halcyon chelicuti"

Genus "Todirhamphus"

* Blue-black Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus nigrocyaneus"
* Rufous-lored Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus winchelli"
* Blue-and-white Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus diops"
* Lazuli Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus lazuli"
* Forest Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus macleayii"
* New Britain Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus albonotatus"
* Ultramarine Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus leucopygius"
* Chestnut-bellied Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus farquhari"
* Red-backed Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus pyrrhopygia"
* Flat-billed Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus recurvirostris"
* Micronesian Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus cinnamominus"
* Collared Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus chloris"
* Sombre Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus funebris"
* Talaud Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus enigma"
* Beach Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus saurophaga"
* Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus australasia"
* Sacred Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus sanctus"
* Tahiti Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus veneratus"
* Mangaia Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus ruficollaris"
* Chattering Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus tuta"
* Marquesas Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus godeffroyi"
* Tuamotu Kingfisher, "Todirhamphus gambieri"

Genus "Caridonax"

* White-rumped Kingfisher, "Caridonax fulgidus"

Genus "Melidora"

* Hook-billed Kingfisher, "Melidora macrorrhina"

Genus "Actenoides"

* Moustached Kingfisher, "Actenoides bougainvillei"
* Rufous-collared Kingfisher, "Actenoides concretus"
* Spotted Kingfisher, "Actenoides lindsayi"
* Blue-capped Kingfisher, "Actenoides hombroni"
* Green-backed Kingfisher, "Actenoides monachus"
* Scaly Kingfisher, "Actenoides princeps"

Genus "Syma"

* Yellow-billed Kingfisher, "Syma torotoro"
* Mountain Kingfisher, "Syma megarhyncha"

Genus "Tanysiptera", Paradise kingfishers

* Little Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera hydrocharis"
* Common Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera galatea"
* Kofiau Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera ellioti"
* Biak Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera riedelii"
* Numfor Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera carolinae"
* Red-breasted Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera nympha"
* Brown-headed Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera danae"
* Buff-breasted Paradise Kingfisher, "Tanysiptera sylvia"

References

External links

* [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=88 Kingfisher videos] on the Internet Bird Collection