- Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick
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Anthony Ulrich Duke of Brunswick 
Spouse Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia Issue Ivan VI of Russia Father Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg Mother Antoinette, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Born 28 August 1714 Died 4 May 1774 (aged 59) Anthony Ulrich (German: Anton Ulrich; 28 August 1714, Bevern – 4 May 1774, Kholmogory), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was generalissimus of the Army of Russia, and husband to Anna Leopoldovna, who was regent of Russia for one year.
Contents
Biography
Anthony Ulrich was the second son of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. His mother's sister Elizabeth, wife of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, arranged for his marriage to Elizabeth Caroline Christine, daughter of Charles Leopold, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and granddaughter of Tsar Ivan V of Russia, and he was taken to Russia in 1733, so that he and Anna could get to know each other. The marriage took place in 1739. Elizabeth called herself Anna Leopoldovna in Russia. This marriage was meant to strengthen relationships between the houses of Romanov and Habsburg. In 1740, their infant son Ivan became emperor. First, Ernst Biron was regent, but after rumours that Biron would exile Anthony and Anna to Germany, they made a coup and Anna became regent. However, a treacherous coup in 1741 removed the family from power.
The new Empress, Elizabeth, had Anthony Ulrich, his wife, and their children imprisoned. They remained imprisoned for the rest of their lives. The years of imprisonment was hard and the family was periodically denied many necessary things. All communication with the outside world, except for a few male and female servants, were banned. The governor of Arkhangelsk regularly visited them to enquire about their health, but all other visitors were forbidden. In 1762, Catherine offered him to leave Russia if he left his children behind, but he declined. He also lost his eyesight before he died. He was buried very discretely, and the soldiers were forbidden to reveal the place of his burial, but his coffin was decorated with silver.
The surviving children were released from prison in to the custody of their aunt, the Danish queen dowager Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; they were taken to Novodvinsk fortress in the night of 27 June, left Russia in 30 June 1780 and settled in Jutland, were they lived in under a comfortable house arrest in Horsens for the rest of their lives under the guardian of Juliana and at the expense of Catherine: having lived as prisoners, they were not used to social life, and kept a small "court" of 40/50 people, all Danish except for the priest. The pension granted them by Catherine was paid until the last of them died in 1807.
Family
Anthony Ulrich and Anna Leopoldovna had the following children:
- Ivan (1740–1764) (reigning Emperor 1740-1741)
- Catherine (1741–1807)
- Elizabeth (1743–1782)
- Peter (1745–1798)
- Alexei (1746–1787)
Ancestry
16. Henry III, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 8. Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#24) 17. Princess Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg 4. Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 18. John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Gustrow 9. Duchess Elisabeth Sophia of Mecklenburg-Gustrow (=#25) 19. Duchess Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch 2. Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 20. Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 10. Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege 21. Countess Juliana of Nassau-Dillenburg 5. Landgravine Christina Wilhelmina of Hesse-Eschwege 22. John Casimir, Count Palatine of Kleeburg 11. Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrücken 23. Princess Katharina of Sweden 1. Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick 24. Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#8) 12. Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 25. Duchess Elisabeth Sophia of Mecklenburg-Gustrow (=#9) 6. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 26. Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg 13. Princess Elisabeth Juliana Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Norborg 27. Princess Eleonore of Anhalt-Zerbst 3. Duchess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 28. Joachim Ernest, Count of Oettingen-Oettingen 14. Albert Ernest I, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen 29. Countess Anna Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein 7. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen 30. Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg 15. Duchess Christine Friederike of Württemberg 31. Countess Anna Katherina of Salm-Kyrburg References
- At the House of Welf site (in German)
- Marie Tetzlaff : Katarina den stora (1998)
Sources
- This page is a translation of its Russian equivalent.
Categories:- 1714 births
- 1774 deaths
- German nobility
- House of Brunswick-Bevern
- Generalissimos
- Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew
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