Hadal zone

Hadal zone

Hadal zone or (trench zone) (Greek for "like Hades," in other words "unseen") or Hadopelagic zone is the delineation for the deepest trenches in the ocean. This zone is found from a depth of around m to ft|6000|precision=-3 to the bottom of the ocean.

Conditions

In 1960, Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh reached the Mariana Trench, the deepest trench on Earth, and observed life. [ [http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00116/hadal.htm ThinkQuest] . February 1, 2007.] It is believed that most life at this depth is sustained by marine snow or the chemical reactions around thermal vents. The lack of light and intense pressure create hostile living conditions, and few species are adapted to these conditions. As no sunlight reaches this layer of the ocean, deep sea creatures have adapted with reduced eyesight, having very large eyes for receiving only bioluminescent flashes. Most of the bottom dwelling creatures lack any pigmentation since coloration is not useful in an environment with no light.

The pressure here can reach over convert|1100|atm|MPa psi|abbr=off|lk=on. Creatures removed from this zone will die in the lower-pressure areas above. [ [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/220/4596/497 Death of a Hadal Deep-Sea Bacterium After Decompression] . February 1, 2007.] The most common creatures include jellyfish, viperfish, tube worms, clams, and the deep sea angler fish. [de icon [http://www.lighthouse-foundation.org/index.php?id=66 Meeresboden - down under] . February 1, 2007.] The hadal zone can reach far below 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) deep; the deepest known is at 10,911 meters (35,798 ft).

Notes and references

[http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/0,1518,583200,00.html Forscher filmen lebende Fische in Rekordtiefe (German) from Spiegel 10/09/2008 about an expedition filming fish at a depth of more than 7,000 m]


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  • hadal zone — hadalė statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Giliausia vandenyno zona (6000–8000 m), kurios biotopuose gyvena prie vandenyno gelmių ir tamsos prisitaikę organizmai. atitikmenys: angl. hadal; hadal zone; ultra abyssal zone vok.… …   Ekologijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • hadal zone — ultraabisalė statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Giliausios vandenyno duobės, kurių gylis daugiau kaip 6000 m. Vanduo beveik nejuda, temperatūra žema (žemiau 0°C), tvyro visiška tamsa, druskingumas – 34,7–34,9 %, didelis slėgis …   Ekologijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • hadal zone — /ˈheɪdəl zoʊn/ (say hayduhl zohn) noun → hadopelagic zone …  

  • hadal zone — the deepest bottom area, below 6000 or 7000 m (sources vary) …   Dictionary of ichthyology

  • hadal — [hād′ l] adj. [Fr < Hadès, Hades + al, AL] designating or of the ecological zone (hadal zone) of the ocean floor trenches below c. 3,300 fathoms ( c. 6,000 m) …   English World dictionary

  • hadal — hadalė statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Giliausia vandenyno zona (6000–8000 m), kurios biotopuose gyvena prie vandenyno gelmių ir tamsos prisitaikę organizmai. atitikmenys: angl. hadal; hadal zone; ultra abyssal zone vok.… …   Ekologijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • hadal — ultraabisalė statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Giliausios vandenyno duobės, kurių gylis daugiau kaip 6000 m. Vanduo beveik nejuda, temperatūra žema (žemiau 0°C), tvyro visiška tamsa, druskingumas – 34,7–34,9 %, didelis slėgis …   Ekologijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Hadal —   [zu Hades gebildet] das, s, Ökologie: Zone der Tiefseegräben der Weltmeere, die sich nach unten an die Zone des Abyssals anschließt, ohne Licht (aphotisch) ist und hydrostatische Drücke über 60 MPa aufweist. Topographisch sind die Tiefseegräben …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Zone hadale — Étagement bathymétrique Fumeurs noirs Étage supérieur Plaine abyssale Limite supér …   Wikipédia en Français

  • ultra-abyssal zone — hadal zone, q.v …   Dictionary of ichthyology

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