Guillaume Coustou the Younger

Guillaume Coustou the Younger (March 19, 1716 - July 13, 1777), was a French sculptor.

The son of Guillaume Coustou the Elder and nephew of Nicolas Coustou, he trained in the family atelier and studied at the French Academy in Rome, 1736-39, as winner of the Prix de Rome (1735). He returned to Paris, where he completed the famous "Horse Tamers" ("Chevaux de Marly") commissioned from his father in 1739 for Marly, when the elder Coustou was too infirm to actively carry out the commissions. They were completed and installed in 1745. [François Souchal, "Les frères Coustou" (Paris) 1980.] He was accepted at the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture (1742) and pursued a successful official career, working fluently in styles that ranged from the Late Baroque of his "morceau de réception," a "Seated Vulcan" ("illustrated") to the sentimental early neoclassicism of the "Ganymede", whose affinities with Roman sculptures of Antinous have been suggested by Michael Worley. [Michael Preston Worley, "The Image of Ganymede in France, 1730-1820: The Survival of a Homoerotic Myth" "The Art Bulletin" 76.4 (December 1994, pp. 630-643) p. 637. The sculpture was in the Hertford and Wallace collections before it was purchased for the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1964.] . He produced portrait busts as well as his religious and mythological subjects.

His most prominent and ambitious official commission was the "Monument to the Dauphin" for the cathedral of Sens. The elaborate iconography of its somewhat overcharged design was worked up by the artist and connoisseur Charles-Nicolas Cochin. [Christian Michel, "Charles-Nicolas Cochin et l'Art des Lumières" (Rome) 1993.]

His pupils included two minor neoclassical sculptors, Claude Dejoux and Pierre Julien (1731-1804), who were fellow pupils in the 1760s and went on to collaborate on sculptural projects [Guilhem Scherf, in Paul Rosenberg, ed. "Julien de Parme, 1736-1799" (Skira) 1999.] and the young Danish sculptor Johannes Widewelt, who was placed in his workshop through the offices of the secretary of the Danish legation, and picked up some of Coustou's clarity and his language of rhetorical gesture. [Else Marie Bukdahl, "Wiedewelt, der Neuklassizismus und die Frühromantik" "Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte" 54.3 (1991, pp. 388-405) p 389.]

Works

* "Apotheosis of St Francis Xavier" (marble, c. 1743) Bordeaux, Church of St Paul)
*"Apollo" (marble, 1753) commissioned by Mme de Pompadour for the park at the château de Bellevue (at Versailles)
*"Mars" and "Venus" (marble, 1769) for Frederick II of Prussia at Schloss Sanssouci, Potsdam
* Pediment sculptures, (limestone, 1753 onwards) executed with Michelange Slodtz for Ange-Jacques Gabriel’s twin "hôtels" (from 1753) on the Place de la Concorde
* "Ganymede" (marble, "ca" 1760 (Victoria and Albert Museum)
* Funeral "Monument to the Dauphin", (free-standing marble and bronze, 1766–77), Sens Cathedral

Notes

References

*Souchal, François, "French Sculptors of the 17th and 18th Centuries"

External links

* [http://www.artnet.com/library/01/0199/T019962.asp Short biography] at artnet, from "The Grove Dictionary of Art"