The Three Musketeers (Supreme Court)
- The Three Musketeers (Supreme Court)
:"This page is about three liberal Supreme Court Justices. For other uses, see Three Musketeers."
The "Three Musketeers" was the nickname given to three liberal members during the 1932-1937 terms of the United States Supreme Court, who generally supported the New Deal agenda of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. They were Justices Louis Brandeis, Benjamin N. Cardozo, and Harlan Fiske Stone. They were opposed by the Four Horsemen, consisting of Justices James Clark McReynolds, George Sutherland, Willis Van Devanter, and Pierce Butler. Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes and Justice Owen J. Roberts controlled the balance.
During the 1935 term, the Four Horsemen would often ride together to and from Court in order to coordinate their positions. To counter them, the Three Musketeers started meeting at Brandeis's apartment on Friday afternoons. However, the Four Horsemen held sway, leading to Roosevelt's court-packing scheme. In 1937, in the "switch in time that saved nine," Roberts and Hughes switched to the liberal side in several key decisions; within a year, Van Devanter and Sutherland retired to be replaced by Hugo Black and Stanley Reed, strong New Dealers. This ended the Four Horsemen's sway. By 1941, Brandeis, Cardozo, Butler, McReynolds, and Hughes were also gone. Only Stone and Roberts remained, and by then Stone had been appointed to the position of Chief Justice.
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
The Three Musketeers (disambiguation) — The Three Musketeers is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, père. It may also mean:* The Three Musketeers (film), the many film adaptations of the novel *The Three Musketeers (musical), first performed in 1928 *The Three Musketeers (Kipling), a short… … Wikipedia
History of the Supreme Court of the United States — The following is a history of the Supreme Court of the United States, organized by Chief Justice. The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789;… … Wikipedia
Four Horsemen (Supreme Court) — The Four Horsemen was the nickname given to four conservative members of the United States Supreme Court during the 1932 1937 terms, who opposed the New Deal agenda of President Franklin Roosevelt. [Ball, Howard. Hugo L. Black: Cold Steel Warrior … Wikipedia
The switch in time that saved nine — “The switch in time that saved nine” was the name given by the press to the apparent sudden shift by Justice Owen J. Roberts from the conservative wing of the United States Supreme Court (represented by the Four Horsemen) to the liberal wing… … Wikipedia
The rise of Jat power — ’ (king) was conferred upon him in 1724. [Dr P.L. Vishwakarma, The Jats, I, Ed Dr Vir Singh, (Delhi:2004), 116] In past Jats always rose against tyranny, injustice, economic and social exploitations and were never overawed by claims of racial or… … Wikipedia
The Indian Express — For the bifurcated South Indian edition, see The New Indian Express. The Indian Express … Wikipedia
Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937 — The Hughes Court, 1932–1937. Front row: Justices Brandeis and Van Devanter, Chief Justice Hughes, and Justices McReynolds and Sutherland. Back row: Justices Roberts, Butler, Stone, and Cardozo … Wikipedia
List of duels — The following is a list of famous duels.Historical duelsAntiquity*222 BC: Marcus Claudius Marcellus taking the spolia opima from Viridomarus, king of the Gaesatae, at the Battle of Clastidium. *29 BC: Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives vs. Deldo, king … Wikipedia
Native American mascot controversy — The propriety of using Native American mascots and images in sports has been a topic of debate in the United States and Canada since the 1960s. Americans have had a history of drawing inspiration from native peoples and playing Indian that dates… … Wikipedia
performing arts — arts or skills that require public performance, as acting, singing, or dancing. [1945 50] * * * ▪ 2009 Introduction Music Classical. The last vestiges of the Cold War seemed to thaw for a moment on Feb. 26, 2008, when the unfamiliar strains … Universalium
