- Ahmad Alaq
Infobox Monarch
name =Ahmad Alaq
title =Khan
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reign = EasternMoghulistan (Uyghurstan): 1487–1503
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predecessor =Yunus Khan
successor =Mansur Khan
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father =Yunus Khan
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date of death =1503
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place of burial =|Ahmad Alaq (died 1503) was Khan of eastern
Moghulistan (Uyghurstan) from 1487 to 1503. He was the second son ofYunus Khan . His mother was Shah Begum, fourth daughter ofBadakhshan prince Lali, who was considered to be the descendant ofAlexander the Great .Life
During his father's lifetime Ahmad was behind several rebellions against him. When Yunus Khan took up residence in
Tashkent in 1484, Ahmad and a large body of Moghuls fled to the steppes. In 1487, Ahmad's father died and was succeeded in the territory he still controlled by another son, Mahmud Khan.Ahmad's reign was marked by conflicts with several of his neighbors. Conflict over
Hami with theMing Dynasty China resulted in an economic blockade of the region, which allowed theChinese to eventually emerge victorious. A campaign against theMirza Abu Bakr Dughlat , of the Dughlats of the south-westTarim Basin , who were in theory vassals of the Moghul khans, resulted in the temporary acquisition ofKashgar in around 1499. Expeditions against theKalmyks also seem to have resulted in a measure of success. For these expeditions he was nick-named " "Alach (Alaq)" ", "Slaughterer".In the early 16th century, Ahmad and Mahmud decided to counter the growing power of the
Uzbeks underMuhammad Shaybani . The two brothers united the forces and launched a campaign against the Uzbeks, but Muhammad Shaybani proved victorious in battle and took them both prisoner (Babur also was among his uncles' army and participated in this battle inFerghana Valley , that had turned into disaster, but managed to flee south and hide in mountains with his mother, Kutluk Nigar Khanim, daughter ofYunus Khan , and few followers). They were soon released, but Ahmad died shortly afterwards, in 1503. He was succeeded in Uyghurstan by his eldest son Mansur Khan. According toMirza Muhammad Haidar, Dughlat he had 19 sons total, most prominent of whom were:
*Mansur Khan- ruler of eastern Moghulistan or Uyghurstan in 1503-1543 (it included cities Aksu, Uch Turpan, Bai,Kucha , Chalish orKarashahr ,Turpan andKumul ).
*Sultan Said Khan - seized power from Dughlat Amirs' Dynasty of Yarkand state in 1514 (known at the time as "Mamlakati Yarkand" or "Kashgar Emirate", it included citiesKashgar ,Yarkand , Yangihissar,Hotan and at short times also Aksu and Uch Turpan) in WestKashgaria and united in 1516 western and eastern parts of Kashgaria in one centralized state- Kashgar and Uyghurstan. Died in 1533 ofasthma during military expedition in "Ursang" ( Great Tibet ).
*Sultan Khalil Sultan- ruler of western Moghulistan in 1503-1508 (presentKyrgyzstan ). Was drowned in river near "Akhsi" inFergana Valley after he was captured there by Uzbek sultans.
*Chin Temur Sultan- was in service of both Sultan Said Khan and Mansur Khan, but eventually fled toBabur ofMoghul Empire inIndia . Died of violent dysentery inAgra and was buried there.
*Yunus Temur Sultan- fled from service of Sultan Said Khan and Mansur Khan and entered to Babur service in India.References
Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat . "Tarih-i-Rashidi" ( History of Rashid ) or "The history of Moghuls". Written inKashmir inChagatai language in 1541-February,1547. Translated by Edward Denison Ross.London , 1895. ISBN 81-86787-02-X, ISBN 81-86787-00-3
M.Kutlukov. "About emergence of theYarkand State".Almaty , 1990
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