Hominini

Hominini

Taxobox
name = Hominini


image_width = 230px
image_caption = Human and Common Chimpanzee
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
superfamilia = Hominoidea
familia = Hominidae
subfamilia = Homininae
tribus = Hominini
tribus_authority = Gray, 1825
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision = Subtribe Panina
*"Pan" (chimpanzees)Subtribe Hominina
*"Homo" (humans)
*†"Paranthropus"
*†"Australopithecus"
*†"Sahelanthropus"
*†"Orrorin"
*†"Ardipithecus"
*†"Kenyanthropus"

Hominini is the tribe of Homininae that comprises humans ("Homo"), chimpanzees ("Pan"), and their extinct ancestors. Members of the tribe are called hominins (cf. Hominidae, "hominids"). The subtribe Hominina is the "human" branch, including genus "Homo" and its close relatives, but not "Pan".

The creation of this taxon is the result of the current idea that the least similar species of a trichotomy should be separated from the other two. Through DNA comparison, scientists believe the "Pan/Homo" divergence was completed between 5.4 to 6.3 million years ago, after an unusual process of speciation that ranged over four million years. cite web | url = http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-05/biom-hac051106.php | title = Human and chimp genomes reveal new twist on origin of species | accessdate = 2007-04-12 | data = 2006-05-17 | work = [http://www.eurekalert.org/ EurekAlert!/AAAS] ] It is interesting to note that no fossil species on the "Pan" side of the split have been determined; all of the extinct genera listed in the table to the right are ancestral to "Homo", or are offshoots of such. However, both "Orrorin" and "Sahelanthropus" existed around the time of the split, and so may be ancestral to both humans and chimpanzees.

In the proposal of Mann and Weiss (1996),cite journal | author = Mann, Alan and Mark Weiss | year = 1996 | title = Hominoid Phylogeny and Taxonomy: a consideration of the molecular and Fossil Evidence in an Historical Perspective | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 169–181 | doi = 10.1006/mpev.1996.0011] the tribe "Hominini" includes "Pan" as well as "Homo", but as separate subtribes. "Homo" (and, by inference, all bipedal apes) is in the subtribe Hominina, while "Pan" is in the subtribe "Panina".

"). Only humans and chimpanzees belong to the "Hominini" tribe.]

ee also

*Cladistics
*Human evolution

References


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