Swiftboating

Swiftboating is American political jargon that is used as a strong pejorative description of some kind of attack that the speaker considers unfair or untrue—for example, an "ad hominem" attack or a smear campaign.

The term comes from the Swift Vets and POWs for Truth (formerly "Swift Boat Veterans for Truth" (SBVT)) and that group's widely publicizedcite web | title =University of Pennsylvania National Annenberg Election Survey| publisher =PollingReport.com| date =conducted Aug. 9-16, 2004| url =http://www.pollingreport.com/wh04misc2.htm| accessdate = 2007-03-30 ] campaign against 2004 Presidential candidate John Kerry.cite news | title =The Vets Attack| publisher =Newsweek| date =2004-11-15| url =http://www.newsweek.com/id/55728| accessdate = 2007-03-30 ]

Originally, terms like "swiftboating", "Swift Boating", "Swift Boat tactics", etc. were mostly used by people who disapproved of the Swift Vets and POWs for Truth. It is now in mainstream use. Some American conservatives have strongly objected (see below) to the criticism of SBVT implied by such negative usage.

Historical Origins

The term 'swift boat' itself refers to a class of US Navy vessel used during the Vietnam War. In 2004, a political 527 organization called Swift Boat Veterans for Truth (later called Swift Vets and POWs for Truth), composed of Vietnam veterans who served on swift boats, formed with the intent of opposing the presidential candidacy of John Kerry. Kerry himself had served for four months as a swift boat commander in Vietnam (earning during that service three Purple Hearts, a Silver Star, and a Bronze Starcite web | title =John Kerry's military service| publisher =wikipedia.org| url =http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry%27s_military_service ] ). The group, using statements of swift boat veterans and Kerry's own 1971 anti-war statements (Kerry had become a spokesman for the anti-war group Vietnam Veterans Against the War), produced a series of television ads and a bestselling book that sought to discredit Kerry's military record and patriotism and characterize him as unfit for the presidency. Since then, the term 'swiftboating' has been widely used (see below) to describe political tactics that are essentially synonymous with a 'smear campaign', though the term comes additionally charged with some of the emotion from both sides of the political spectrum within the context of the recent history of the 2004 US presidential election.

Examples of usage

* In a 2005 column "The Swift Boating of Cindy Sheehan," Frank Rich offered such synonyms for the term as "character assassination" and "smear." Rich's use of the term implied a special connection to attacks on someone's military record: "Character assassination is the Karl Rove tactic of choice, eagerly mimicked by his media surrogates, whenever the White House is confronted by a critic who challenges it on matters of war. The Swift Boating is especially vicious if the critic has more battle scars than a president who connived to serve stateside and a vice president who had "other priorities" during Vietnam."cite news | last =Rich| first =Frank| title =The Swift Boating of Cindy Sheehan| publisher =New York Times| date =2005-08-21| url =http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/21/opinion/21rich.html?ex=1282276800&en=54836c41c1bcb990&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* Also in 2005, Fox News commentator Bill O'Reilly took note of this usage of the term: "Sympathetic newspaper columnists are putting forth that Cindy is being "smeared" by people like me. They call it the "Swiftboating" of Cindy Sheehan." The article makes no objection to this usage of "swiftboating" to allege an unfair attack on someone's character. O'Reilly calls the claim itself "catchy but misleading", saying "All we did was tell the truth about Ms. Sheehan's radical politics and radical pals. That's it! We didn't impugn her character or criticize her Iraq war dissent."cite news | last =O'Reilly| first =Bill| title =The 'Swiftboating' of Cindy Sheehan| publisher =FoxNews| date =2005-08-22| url =http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,166503,00.html| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* Also in 2005, a "Slate" article by John Dickerson used "Swift-boat" as a pejorative verb to imply that an attack by John Kerry on President George W Bush had been dishonest: "Kerry Swift-boats Bush.... Like most clever feints in Washington, it's also not entirely honest." This usage is notable because of its implied criticism of SBVT at the same time that it shares their political stance—that is, attacking Kerry on behalf of Bush.cite news | last =Dickerson| first =John| title =Kerry Swift-boats Bush| publisher =Slate| date =2005-12-03| url =http://www.slate.com/id/2131360/| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* In 2006, Arianna Huffington characterized what she called "the despicable smear campaign being launched against Jack Murtha" as "the Swift-boating of Murtha."cite web
last =Huffington
first =Arianna
title =The President Needs to Denounce the Swift-Boating of Murtha... Now!
publisher =Huffington Post
date =2006-01-16
url =http://www.huffingtonpost.com/arianna-huffington/the-president-needs-to-de_b_13928.html
accessdate = 2007-06-14 ]

* In a 2006 op-ed "Swift Boating the Planet," Paul Krugman used the term to describe repeated use of a chart Krugman labels "a fraud" and what he calls "smears" against climatologist James Hansen. Defining the term in relation to the group from which it takes its name, Krugman stated, "There's a concise way to describe what happened to Dr. Hansen: he was Swift-boated. John Kerry, a genuine war hero, didn't realize that he could successfully be portrayed as a coward."cite news | last =Krugman| first =Paul| title =Swift Boating the Planet| publisher =New York Times| date =2006-05-29| url =http://select.nytimes.com/2006/05/29/opinion/29krugman.html| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* The "Boston Globe" in 2006 quoted Senator Edward M. Kennedy describing recent events in the Massachusetts governor's race as "gutter politics" and "the politics of fear and smear," adding "Make no mistake about it, this is swiftboating." The article noted that another Democratic politician had described the same events as "a Swift Boat style of attack."cite news | last =Johnson| first =Glen| title =Kennedy decries Healey's 'Swift Boating' of Patrick| publisher =Boston Globe| date =2006-10-07| url =http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2006/10/07/kennedy_decries_healeys_swiftboating_of_patrick/| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* The Associated Press in 2006 quoted Wal-Mart critics claiming the company's newest effort paidcritics.com "a name-calling, nastily aggressive little website," adding that "The company's latest move comes right out of the Swift Boat playbook."cite news | last =Kabel| first =Marcus| title =Gloves come off as Wal-Mart, critics slam each other on Web| publisher =USATODAY| date =2006-07-18| url =http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-18-wal-mart-web_x.htm| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* In 2007, the "Washington Post" quoted Jeff Jarvis using the term to describe a viral video attack on Hillary Clinton, saying "I fear that we're going to have more and more Swift Boating. With the help of the Web, it's low-cost and easily spreadable."cite news | last =Vargas| first =Jose Antonia| title =Watching Big Sister| publisher =Washington Post| date =2007-03-20| url =http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/20/AR2007032001931.html| accessdate = 2007-06-13 ]

* In the May 19, 2007 edition, The Economist wrote, in regard to Senator Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign, "It is impossible to imagine her being 'swiftboated' like Mr Kerry. The Clintons have always regarded politics as a continuation of war by other means, and Mrs Clinton is an even tougher fighter than her husband."cite news | title =The candidates: Hillary Clinton, Her latest incarnation, Presidential Front Runner| publisher =The Economist| date =2007-05-17| url =http://www.economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9196231| accessdate = 2008-02-01 ]

* In a June 12, 2008 article in Time magazine, Michael Kinsley wrote: "Swift-boating's essence is a particular kind of dishonesty, or rather a particular combination of shadowy dishonesties. It usually involves a complex web of facts, many of which may even be true. It exploits its own complexity and the reluctance of the media to adjudicate factual disputes. No matter how thoroughly a charge may be discredited, enough taint remains to support an argument. The fundamental dishonesty is the suggestion that the issue, whatever it is, really matters." cite news | last =Kinsley| first =Michael| title = To Swift-Boat or Not to Swift-Boat| publisher =Time| date =2008-06-12| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1813974,00.html| accessdate = 2008-06-21 ]

* On September 10, 2008 Barack Obama accused Republicans of "swift boat politics". [ [http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/09/10/campaign.wrap/ CNN: Obama accuses Republicans of 'swift boat politics'] ]

* On September 15, 2008, John McCain's campaign accused his opponent Barack Obama's campaign of encouraging a "Swift Boat-style" attack ad from independent group Brave New PAC and Democracy for America. [ [http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/09/15/mccain-camp-accuses-obama-camp-of-swift-boat-style-attack/ CNN: McCain camp accuses Obama camp of 'Swift Boat-style' attack] ]

* During the 2008 campaign, Slate Magazine has run a series of columns in the "Trailhead Blog" entitled "Swift Boat Watch."cite news | title =Swift Boat Watch| publisher =Slate| date =2008-10-06| url =http://www.slate.com/blogs/blogs/trailhead/archive/tags/Swift+Boat+Watch/default.aspx| accessdate = 2008-10-06 ] In these articles, the authors rate advertisements for veracity by assigning a number of Swift Boats. The number of Swift Boats is proportional with the number of false accusations made in the advertisement. Ads critical of both the democratic ticket and the republican ticket have been evaluated.

Objections to term

The use of this term as a pejorative has caused objections from conservatives who object to the implied criticism of the Swift Vets and POWs for Truth.cite news
last =Rosen
first =Mike
title =Story is none too 'swift'
publisher =Rocky Mountain News
date =2006-10-26
url =http://www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/opinion_columnists/article/0,2777,DRMN_23972_5096616,00.html
accessdate = 2007-06-14 ] At least one conservative commentator has denounced its repeated negative usage as "a hate term."cite news | last =Tyrrell| first =R. Emmett Jr.| title =Swiftboating has become a hate term| publisher =CNN| date =2006-06-04| url =http://edition.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/06/01/tyrrell.swiftboating/index.html| accessdate = 2007-03-30 ] A group formed for the purpose of opposing John Murtha's reelection to Congress, Vets for the Truth, posts at its website a definition of "swiftboating" as "exposing the lies, deceit and fraud of self-glorifying public officials or candidates for office who exaggerate their military service by lying about their feats of heroism and combat wounds." cite news | last =McMichael| first =William H.| title =Former SEAL wages campaign to defeat Murtha| publisher =Army Times| date =2006-08-14| url =http://www.armytimes.com/legacy/new/1-292925-2035074.php| accessdate = 2007-03-30 ]

In a 2006 [http://www.tinyvital.com/blog/2007/09/16/behind-the-scenes-swift-boat-veterans-vs-john-kerry/ Veteran's Day interview] , John O'Neill, spokesman for Swift Vets and POWs for Truth commented on the term's usage: "I think that's a word [swiftboating] people will use for however they want to. I have always thought that having left wingers go to bed at night, and put their little children to bed, and [saying] "Be good little children or the Swiftboats will get you!"... that has never particularly worried me...cite news | last =Moore| first =John| title =Behind the Scenes: Swift Boat Veterans vs. John Kerry| publisher = [http://www.tinyvital.com/blog Useful Fools] | date =2006-11-16| url =http://www.tinyvital.com/blog/2007/09/16/behind-the-scenes-swift-boat-veterans-vs-john-kerry/| accessdate = 2007-11-14 ]

A number of Swift Boat veterans have expressed regret and dismay that the term "Swift boat" has come to represent a political attack. [Kate Zernike, "Veterans Long to Reclaim the Name 'Swift Boat'", "New York Times", June 30, 2008]

ee also

*John Kerry military service controversy
*Swift Vets and POWs for Truth

Media usage

*7 October 2006. "Kennedy Decries Healey's 'Swiftboating' of Patrick" Glenn Johnson, AP via Boston Globe.cite news
last =Johnson
first =Glen
title =Kennedy decries Healey's "Swiftboating" of Patrick
publisher =AP/Boston Globe
date =2006-10-07
url =http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2006/10/07/kennedy_decries_healeys_swiftboating_of_patrick/
accessdate = 2007-06-14 ]
*2 October 2006. "The Democrats' Anxiety Closet" Jed Babbin in "The American Spectator".cite news
last =Babbin
first =Jed
title =The Democrats' Anxiety Closet
publisher =American Spectator
date =2006-10-02
url =http://www.spectator.org/dsp_article.asp?art_id=10428
accessdate = 2007-06-14 ]
*13 July 2006. "How Much Is That Admiral In The Window?" James Boyce in the "Huffington Blog" alleges that Republicans are planning to swiftboat Iraq War veterans who are running for Congress, like Jim Webb, Joe Sestak and Tammy Duckworth.cite web
last =Boyce
first =James
title =How Much Is That Admiral In The Window?
publisher =Huffington Post
date =2006-07-13
url =http://www.huffingtonpost.com/james-boyce/how-much-is-that-admiral-_b_24967.html
accessdate = 2007-06-16 ]
* 21 August 2005. "Swift Boating Cindy Sheehan," Frank Rich in the "New York Times"
* 22 August 2005. O'Reilly Factor, Fox News: "The 'Swiftboating' of Cindy Sheehan, that is the subject of this evening's 'Talking Points Memo'."
* 9 November 2005. "VT: Columnist Says O'Neill Aiming To Use "Swift Boat" Tactics On Sanders," The Frontrunner (via LexisNexis)
* 18 November 2005. "Murtha Stirs Policy Debate," Fox News: A 'Swift-Boating' of Murtha?cite news
title =Murtha Stirs Policy Debate
publisher =Fox News
date =2005-11-18
url =http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,176043,00.html
accessdate = 2007-06-16 ]
* 19 November 2005. "Kerry rap GOP actions as 'shameful,' 'Swift-boating' moves," Worcester (MA) Telegram & GazetteMcGovern (via LexisNexis)
* 22 November 2005. "Does Bush really seek a new tone?" Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN): "Whether it was Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., in 2000, former Sen. Max Cleland, D-Ga., in 2002, former counterintelligence official Richard Clarke or the Swift Boating of Sen. John Kerry, D-Mass., in 2004, the no-holds-barred tactic was to go right at the opponent's strength and seek to destroy it." (via LexisNexis)
* 1 December 2005. "Kerry Swift-Boats Bush," Slate Magazinecite web
last =Dickerson
first =John
title =Kerry Swift-Boats Bush
publisher =Slate
date =2005-12-02
url =http://www.slate.com/id/2131360/
accessdate = 2007-06-16 ]
* 1 December 2005. "Coulter's Swift Boat-style smear of Vietnam veteran Murtha"cite web
title =Coulter's Swift Boat-style smear of Vietnam veteran Murtha
publisher =MediaMatters
date =2005-12-01
url =http://mediamatters.org/items/200512020002
accessdate = 2007-06-16 ]
* 1 June 2006. "Swiftboating has become a hate term," R. Emmett Tyrrell on CNN Politics
* 10 October 2007. "The Swift-Boating of Graeme Frost." Time Magazine.cite news
last =Tumulty
first =Karen
title =The Swift-Boating of Graeme Frost
publisher =TIME Magazine
date =2007-10-10
url =http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1670210,00.html
accessdate = 2007-11-22 ]
* 19 November 2007. "The fact is, I am tired of this word 'swiftboat' being used as a pejorative, because when we talk about the Swift Boat Vets for Truth, these are brave American heroes, and the only thing they did was point out that John Kerry ... they said his story is inaccurate, and they told their story." Sean Hannity, Hannity & Colmes.cite news
title =Hannity & Colmes: T. Boone Pickens on $1 Million Challenge to Sen. John Kerry
work =transcript
publisher =Fox News
date =2007-11-19
url =http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,312283,00.html
accessdate = 2007-11-22 ]

References