Jet ventilation

Jet ventilation

Jet ventilation is a special type of mechanical ventilation for surgical operations in the airway. Jet ventilation (JV) is characterized by the insufflation of gas portions with high velocity into the airway. The latter has to be open to the atmosphere in order to allow an unhindered gas egress and therefore to avoid overdistention (barotrauma) of the lungs.

Indications

The rationale for JV is its property of being administered without an endotracheal tube, thus not requiring an airtight sealing of the airway. This feature allows maintenance of a sufficient gas exchange while the airway can be accessed, examined and operated with microsurgical endoscopic instruments.

Another advantage of this ventilation method during the use of surgical laser beams, is the avoidance of inflammable tubing material, as is usually applied for conventional intermittent positive pressure ventilation. JV can be applied either by simple manual devices or sophisticated electronically operated ventilators with various choices for ventilation settings as well as measuerement and display of applied and resulting parameters. A ventilation frequency below 1 Hz is called "low frequency jet ventilation" while above 1 Hz it is a "high frequency jet ventilation".

Procedure

The connection between the ventilator and the patient's airway can be established via a translaryngeal jet catheter (translaryngeal-infraglottic access), directly through the skin of the anterior neck into the trachea (transtracheal-infraglottic access) or through a nozzle which is located proximally and above the vocal cords (supraglottic access). Common ventilation settings in an adult patient are
*oxygen concentration: 30-100%
*driving pressure: 0.8-4 bar
*ventilation frequency: 150 cycles per minute
*I:E ratio of 1.0

Complications

Complications of JV may comprise hypoxemia, hypercapnia, surgical emphysema and pneumothorax.

References

* [http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/96/4/533 High-frequency percussive ventilation during surgical bronchial repair in a patient with one lung] at British Journal of Anaesthesia
* [http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=23584E0B507924DE649B6F6C456EAD2A.tomcat1?fromPage=online&aid=1067288 Comparison of double-lung jet ventilation and one-lung ventilation for thoracotomy] Published online by Cambridge University Press 20Jun2007


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Jet-Ventilation — ist eine spezielle Beatmungsform für operative Eingriffe an den Atemwegen in Narkose. Man versteht darunter die stoßweise Applikation von Beatmungsgas unter hohem Druck durch dünne und ungeblockte Leitungen in die nach außen offenen Atemwege. Der …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ventilation (architecture) — Ventilation is the intentional movement of air from outside a building to the inside. It is the V in HVAC. With clothes dryers, and combustion equipment such as water heaters, boilers, fireplaces, and wood stoves, their exhausts are often called… …   Wikipedia

  • Ventilation (homonymie) — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. La ventilation peut être : Ventilation: le fait de créer un courant d air, à l aide d un ventilateur ou d un éventail par exemple ; la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ventilation — The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli (the tiny air sacs in the lungs). In pulmonary medicine, a distinction is made between pulmonary and alveolar ventilation.… …   Medical dictionary

  • ventilation — i. Starting a jet engine without putting on LP (low pressure) and HP (high pressure) cocks with a view to drain out any fuel in the jet pipe. ii. Biologically, the aeration of the lungs and blood by breathing. The inhalation and exhalation of air …   Aviation dictionary

  • High frequency ventilation — is a type of mechanical ventilation that employs very high respiratory rates (>60 breaths per minute) and very small tidal volumes (usually below anatomical dead space).cite journal |author=Krishnan JA, Brower RG |title=High frequency ventilation …   Wikipedia

  • Mechanical ventilation — In architecture and climate control, mechanical or forced ventilation is the use of powered equipment, e.g. fans and blowers, to move air  see ventilation (architecture). Mechanical ventilation Intervention …   Wikipedia

  • Modes of mechanical ventilation — Contents 1 Positive and negative pressure ventilation 1.1 Negative pressure ventilation 1.1.1 Types of negat …   Wikipedia

  • Casque jet — Casque de moto Un casque de moto est un casque destiné à la pratique de la moto. Il a pour vocation de protéger la tête du conducteur en amortissant le choc avec le sol ou les obstacles naturels en cas de chute, mais aussi à protéger de l… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Dispositif De Ventilation « JET » — Appareil destiné à donner une respiration de secours à un patient au travers d un très petit orifice, soit une aiguille insérée dans la membrane crico tiroidienne ou un échangeur de tube. Étant donné les fortes résistances engendrées par ces… …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”