New South Wales state election, 1944

New South Wales state election, 1944

1941 ← 27 May 1944 (1944-05-27) → 1947

All 90 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.   First party Second party   Leader William McKell Reginald Weaver Party Labor Democratic/Country coalition Leader since 23 September 1939 10 February 1944 Leader's seat Redfern Albury Last election 54 seats 26 seats Seats won 56 seats 22 seats Seat change 2 4 Percentage 45.95% 29.32% Swing 5.60 0.74

Premier before election William McKell Labor Elected Premier William McKell Labor

The 1944 New South Wales state election was held on 27 May 1944. It was conducted in single member constituencies with compulsory preferential voting and was held on boundaries created at a 1940 redistribution. The election was for all of the 90 seats in the Legislative Assembly.

Issues

The Labor government of William McKell faced its first challenge at a general election in May 1944. The campaign was overshadowed by the course of the Second World War and the Sydney Morning Herald noted that in such an uncertain environment it was difficult for any party to make extensive plans for the future. This was particularly the case as many of the responsibilities of the states had been usurped by the Commonwealth Government as emergency war powers.^[1]

McKell's 3 years in government had enhanced his reputation as a moderate and cautious leader. Under his leadership the extreme left wing of the party had been expelled and had contested the 1941 as the State Labor Party. Its poor showing had resulted in its dissolution shortly after the election and most members had joined the Communist Party of Australia. However, Labor unity was again threatened by Jack Lang who had been expelled from the Labor Party in 1943 and had formed another version of the Lang Labor Party. On this occasion he received no support from the rest of the caucus and spent the rest of the term as the sole member.

In comparison to the Labor Party, the urban conservative political forces were in complete disarray. The very poor results of the United Australia Party (UAP) under Billy Hughes at the 1943 federal election had increased the divisions within the party and had resulted in its disintegration shortly after the election. By early 1944 the Democratic Party, which was a combination of the Commonwealth Party and the remnants of the UAP had emerged as the main conservative party in New South Wales. It was led by Reginald Weaver and had the support of most of the former UAP members of parliament. However the Liberal Democratic Party, which had been founded by the Sydney timber merchant and businessman Ernest K White (later Sir Ernest White), attracted significant media attention and had a large and expensive advertising campaign. White claimed that the UAP and Democratic Party had been overly concerned with infighting and were no longer able to give coherence to conservative political aspirations. His party while supporting an extension of the welfare safety-net called for an increased effort to win the war including the mandatory deregistration of unions involved in unreasonable strike action.^[2]. The Sydney Morning Herald commented that the Liberal Democratic Party was a mouse attempting to swallow the Democratic Party lion.^[3]

Results

There was little change in the composition of parliament with Labor again having a large majority. At the election Lang's party won 2 of the 23 seats in which it stood candidates. Its total primary vote of 9.33%, which significantly reduced Labor's primary vote but made little difference to the distribution of seats. The Liberal Democratic Party did not fulfill pre-election predictions and gained less than 4%of the vote with no seats. The final result was:

• Australian Labor Party 56 seats
• Lang Labor 2 seats
• Democratic Party 12 seats
• Independent Democratic 4 seats
• Country Party 10 seats
• Independent Country 1 seat
• Independent 5 seats

Aftermath

McGirr remained premier until he was appointed Governor General in early 1947. Weaver became the inaugural leader of the Liberal Party when it was formed from the urban conservative parties in late 1944. Howeve, he died the next year and was succeeded by Vernon Treatt. Michael Bruxner retained his leadership of the Country Party, which he had held since 1932, throughout the parliament.

There were 9 by-elections during the parliament but the overall composition of the parties stayed intact.

Seats changing party representation

This table lists changes in party representation since the 1941 election but does not include United Australia Party members who retained their seats as Democratic Party members

Seat	Incumbent member	Party		New member	Party
Auburn‡	Jack Lang		Labor	Jack Lang		Lang Labor
Burwood	Gordon Jackett		Independent UAP	Gordon Jackett		Democratic
Dubbo¶			Country	Clarrie Robertson		Labor
Lachlan†			Country	John Chanter		Labor
Lane Cove	Henry FitzSimons		UAP	Henry Woodward		Labor
Manly	Alfred Reid		UAP	Alfred Reid		Independent Democrat
Murrumbidgee	George Enticknap		Independent Labor	George Enticknap		Labor
Nepean	Joseph Jackson		UAP	Joseph Jackson		Independent
Newtown	Frank Burke		Labor	Lillian Fowler		Lang Labor
Oxley	George Mitchell		Independent	Les Jordan		Independent Country
Tamworth	Bill Chaffey		Independent UAP	Bill Chaffey		Independent

‡ Lang had been expelled from the Labor Party in 1943

¶ Labor won the seat of Dubbo from the Country Party at a 1942 by-election caused by the death of George Wilson

† Labor won the seat of Lachlan from the Country Party at a 1943 by-election caused by the death of Griffith Evans

Key dates

Date	Event
24 April 1944	The Legislative Assembly was dissolved, and writs were issued by the Governor to proceed with an election.
28 April 1944	Nominations for candidates for the election closed at noon.
27 May 1944	Polling day.
22 June 1944	Last day for the writs to be returned and the results formally declared.
22 June 1944	Opening of 34th Parliament.

Tabulated Results

New South Wales state election, 27 May 1944 Legislative Assembly << 1941 — 1947 >>
Enrolled Voters		1,732,706[1]
Votes Cast		1,310,270		Turnout	91.42	-1.10
Informal Votes		43,329		Informal	3.31	+0.78
Summary of votes by party
Party		Primary Votes	%	Swing	Seats	Change
	Labor	572,600	45.20	-5.60	56	+2
	Democratic	[2]239,610	18.91	+1.38	12	-2
	Country	131,950	10.41	-0.64	10	-2
	Lang Labor	118,174	9.33	+9.33	2	+2
	Independent	72,431	5.72	-0.41	5	+1
	Liberal Democratic	49,325	3.89	+3.89	0	-
	Independent Democrat	[3]30,532	2.41	-0.84	4	-1
	Independent Labor	22,697	1.79	-0.35	0	-1
	Communist	21,982	1.74	+1.74	0	-
	Independent Country	6,670	0.53	+0.53	1	+1
	State Labor	0	0	-5.64	0	-
	All others	970	0.08	-0.62	0	-
Total		1,266,941			90

¹ There were 1,433,166 enrolled voters in 74 contested electorates and 299,540 were enrolled in 16 uncontested electorates (13 Labor, 1 Democrat, 1 Country and 1 Independent).

² Compared to United Australia Party at 1941 Election

³ Compared to Independent UAP at 1941 Election

^[4]

References

1. ^ "Today's election". Sydney Morning Herald 27 May 1944 p2. Australian National Library. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17908589. Retrieved 2009-01-11. 
2. ^ "Liberal Democratic Policy: White attacks old parties". Sydney Morning Herald 18 May 1944 p3. Australian National Library. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17907776. Retrieved 2009-01-11. 
3. ^ "Election prospects: Discord in opposition". Sydney Morning Herald 24 May 1944 p2. Australian National Library. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17908235. Retrieved 2009-01-11. 
4. ^ *Antony Green. "1953 New South Wales state election". New South Wales Parliament. http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/resources/nswelectionsanalysis/1953/Home.htm. Retrieved 12 January 2009. 

See also

• Candidates of the New South Wales state election, 1944
• Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1944–1947