Nantes-Brest canal

Lock in the disused part of the Nantes-Brest Canal
Specifications
Canal length:	385 km (239 mi) original length [1]
Original locks:	238 [1]
Total rise:	555 m (1,821 ft) [1]
Status:	Open except for two breaks; Goariva to La Pitié, Guerlédan Dam to Pontivy
History
Original owner:	Napoleon in 1811. Canal Company of Brittany in 1822.[1]
Construction began:	1811 start failed and began again in 1822 [1]
Date completed:	1836 [1]
Geography
Starts at:	Brest
Ends at:	Nantes

The Nantes-Brest canal (Canal de Nantes à Brest) is a French canal which links the two cities of Nantes and Brest through inland Brittany. It was built during the 19th century and its total length is 385 km with 238 locks from coast to coast. The western portion of the canal is also known as Branche Finistèrienne.^[1]

History

The original idea of such a canal is dated from the 16th century but it's only when Brest was blockaded by the English fleet that Napoleon I of France decided to build this canal to assure a safe inland link between the two largest military ports of the French Atlantic front. Building started in 1811, and Napoleon III of France presided over the canal's opening in 1858.

In 1923 the route of the canal was broken by the Guerledan dam. Navigation is no longer possible between Maël-Carhaix and Pontivy. The lake flooded the uppermost portion of the canal for some 8 km along with 17 locks.^[1]

Coordinates: 48°12′N 4°06′W / 48.2°N 4.1°W / 48.2; -4.1

En Route

The canal utilizes the following rivers, west to east:

• Aulne: ? to ?
• Hyeres (river): ? to ?

Break at Lake Guerlédan

• Oust: Redon to Rohan
• Vilaine: Rieux to ?
• Isac (river): ? to ?
• Erdre: Nantes to Quiheix 47°23′47″N 1°30′36″W / 47.39632°N 1.51011°W / 47.39632; -1.51011
• Loire

Total length on this current route is 337 km and 158 locks.
West to East Beginning in Brest on the canalized portion of the Aulne River for 51 km via 8 locks.^[2]

• PK 51 Roadstead of Brest Brest Harbor, Brest Bay ^[2]
• PK 32.5 Aulne River ^[2]
• PK 29 Landévennec ^[2]
• PK 0 Châteaulin ^[2]

Continuing on Aulne, now called Canal de Nantes à Brest(Ouest) (English: West) for 81 km via 45 locks.^[2]

• PK 0 Châteaulin^[2]
• PK 43.5 Chateauneuf-du-Faou ^[2]
• PK 63 Maison du Canal
• PK 74 Port-de-Carhaix
• PK 81 Goariva

Lake Guerlédan halts the canal until Pontivy.

• PK 252.4 La Pitié It is 25.6 km (and 20 locks) to the dam.^[1]
• PK 226.8 Guerlédan Dam 48°11′41″N 3°01′04″W / 48.19464°N 3.01776°W / 48.19464; -3.01776 It is 20 km (and 12 locks) to Pontivy.^[1]

Canal de Nantes à Brest(Est) (English: East) Pontivy to Nantes 205 km via 105 locks

• PK 205.9 Pontivy.^[1] Canal de Nantes à Brest meets canalized Blavet.^[1]
• PK 191.3 Saint-Gonnery begins the 5 km summit level pond ^[1]
• PK 182 Rohan ^[2]
• PK 157.5 Josselin ^[2]
• PK 132 Malestroit ^[2]
• PK 95 Redon ^[2]
• PK 50 Blain ^[2]
• PK 42.5 La Chevallerais ^[2]
• PK 21 Left turn onto the Erdre River at Nort-sur-Erdre^[2]
• PK 15 Suce-sur-Erdre ^[2]
• PK 2 Nantes ^[2]

See also

• List of canals in France

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m} McKnight, Hugh (2005). Cruising French Waterways, 4th Edition. Sheridan House. ISBN 8124-0152-1. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q} Jefferson, David (2009). Through the French Canals. Adlard Coles Nautical. pp. 275. ISBN 978-1-4081-0381-4.