Masters in This Hall

William Morris, self portrait of 1856

"Masters in This Hall" , (alternate title: "Nowell, Sing We Clear"), is a Christmas carol with words written around 1860 by William Morris to an old French dance tune. The carol is moderately popular around the world but has not entered the canon of most popular carols.

Tune

The French composer Marin Marais composed the dance for his opera Alcyone of 1706, with the title Marche pour les Matelots.^{[1] [2]}

The tune was subsequently included in Raoul Auger Feuillet's 1706 Recueil de contredanse along with a longways proper dance, La Matelotte, which Feuillet had himself written to go with the tune.^[3] In 1710 John Essex (d. 1744) published an English translation of Feuillet's work called, For the Further Improvement of Dancing, in which the dance is given as The Female Saylor.^[3]

Words

The words were written around 1860 while William Morris was working as an apprentice in the office of the architect, Edmund Street, presumably under the persuasion of his fellow students who at that time had a taste for part-song.^[4]

The architect and musician Edmund Sedding had at one point also been in the office of G E Street and he had discovered the tune at a meeting with the organist at Chartes Cathedral.^[5] It was included in Sedding's collection of Nine Antient and Goodly Carols for the Merry Tide of Christmas (1860). In 1884 the poet Algernon Charles Swinburne described this carol as "one of the co-equal three finest ... in the language." According to Swinburne the carol was also included, at his suggestion, in the publisher Arthur Bullen's A Christmas Garland; Carols and Poems from the Fifteenth Century to the Present (1885).^[6]

Description

"Masters in This Hall" is said to have a sixteenth century feel , harking back to a simpler society, in line with Morris's own romanticism.^[5] It also has elements of Morris's socialist beliefs, with the poor bringing news of Christ's birth to the 'Masters in this Hall' and a warning to the proud.^[7]

In Morris's original version there are twelve verses but today only four or five are sung.^[3]

The carol describes a poor man, emphasised by his rural dialect, drawing his master's attention to the birth of Christ by describing how he had met shepherds travelling to Bethlehem in solemn mood where, joining them, he had seen the Christ child in his mother's arms. The chorus repeats how the birth of Christ has raised up the poor and cast down the proud.^[3]

Extract

First verse and chorus:-

1. Masters in this Hall,

Hear ye news to-day

Brought from over sea,

And ever I you pray:

Chorus

Nowell! Nowell! Nowell!

Nowell, sing we clearl

Holpen are all folk on earth,

Born is God's son so dear:

Nowell! Nowell! Nowell!

Nowell, sing we loudl

God to-day hath poor folk raised

And cast a-down the proud.

References

1. ^ Marais -Alcione Marche pour les Matelots, Air et Tambourin pour les mêmes Played by Jordi Savall 2010]
2. ^ Diapason harmonie, Issues 362-366 ,Diapason S.A., 1990 http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GhtMAAAAYAAJ&q=Marin+Marais++opera+Alcyone+of+1706+matelot,&dq=Marin+Marais++opera+Alcyone+of+1706+matelot,&hl=en&ei=RhPFToWPGMfJswb1_rDqCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEEQ6AEwAg
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Anderson , Douglas D.Hymns and Carols for Christmas Contains long and short versions of the lyrics, Accessed December 2009
4. ^ See The Work of William Morris: An Exhibition Arranged by the Wifliam Morris Society, (London, William Morris Society, 1962), p. 53
5. ^ ^{a b} Studwell
6. ^ "The William Morris Internet Archive : Chronology". 12 September 2009. pp. 1860. http://www.marxists.org/archive/morris/works/chrono.htm. Retrieved 12 December 2009. 
7. ^ Salmon, Nicholas. The Communist Poet-Laureate: William Morris's Chants for Socialists. William Morris Society. http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/W01.14.3.SalmonSocialists.pdf. 

• Salmon, Nicholas. The Communist Poet-Laureate: William Morris's Chants for Socialists. pp. Note 2. http://makingmusicfun.net/htm/f_mmf_music_library_songbook/masters-in-the-hall-history-and-lyrics-of-a-christmas-favorite.htm. 
• Studwell, William Emmett (1995). The Christmas carol reader. Haworth popular culture. Routledge -. pp. 124. ISBN 1560238720. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=exsaNxcGrkMC&pg=PA124&dq=masters+in+this+hall+morris&ei=QJMjS7juLKmQyATGxbS1Ag&cd=3#v=onepage&q=masters%20in%20this%20hall%20morris&f=false. 

Bibliography

• A Christmas Garland - Carols and Poems From The Fifteenth Century To The Present Time published by A. H. Bullen With Seven Illustrations newly designed By Henry G. Wells, London. Printed by John C. Nimmo 14, King William Street, Strand, W.C. 1885 At the Internet Archive

• Ancient English Christmas Carols, 1400-1700, Edith Rickert, London, Chatto & Windus, 1910 Reprinted 1914,1928 Hymns and Carols at Christmas

External links

• Lincoln Southeast Court Choir performs "Masters in This Hall" , 2006 YouTube, Accessed December 2009