- Martellidendron
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Martellidendron 
Martellidendron Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Monocots Order: Pandanales Family: Pandanaceae Genus: Martellidendron Species See text
Martellidendron is a genus of flowering plants with two species originating from the Seychelles and Madagascar belongs to the family Pandanaceae. They are palmlike dioecious trees and shrubs Often called Palms, these plants are not closely related to palm trees. There are related to Pandanus, Freycinetia, and Sararanga genus in the Pandanaceae family. Species included in kind Martellidendron were extracted from the type of Pandanus in 2003 on the basis of phylogenetic studies of pandanaceae family, which showed that Pandan is a kind of bifiletic, and highlighted in the subgenus Martellidendron is actually a sister kind. It has extracte of this subgenus in a separate type of secured monofiletic kind Pandanaceae.
the Pandanaceae are an ancient family of dioecious monocots dating from the early to mid-Cretaceous, and consists of four genera: Martellidendron, Sararanga, Freycinetia and Pandanus. An analysis efectuated on clade Pandanaceae with DNA sequences in order to elucidate intergeneric relationships within the family, results in shown that Pandanus, as is circumscribed, is biphyletic, members of the Indian Ocean Martellidendron are a sister subgenus of Indo-Malesia Freycinetia gendus in a clade that includes Sararanga Malesian genus, and that the other members of Pandanus separately formed another clade. Martellidendron is thus recognized as a distinct genus, leaving a monophyletic Pandanus. Martellidendron comprises seven species. The high degree of morphological differentiation of four Pandanaceae genus suggests that rapid radiation occurred early as seen in other groups of monocots. The molecular data also suggest that different lineages of Pandanaceae in the Indian Ocean basin are likely the result of both vicariance and the latest step by step long-distance dispersal from Asia across the Indian Ocean, for example, species monocarpellate spiniform in the lowlands of eastern Madagascar.[1]
Contents
Morphology
The trees reach a height of 20 meters. Plants form aerial roots at the base of the trunk-branches. Flowers unisex, gathered in panicles complex. Single-chamber ovaries. Fruits are berries, with seeds numerous, with a thick shell.
Systematics
According to Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (updated APG system III of 2009) belongs to the family type (Pandanaceae), in the line (' 'Pandanales) belonging to the monocots
Species
- Martellidendron androcephalanthos (Martelli) Callm. & Chassot, Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron cruciatum (Pic.Serm.) Callm. & Chassot, Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron gallinarum (Callm.) Callm., Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron hornei (Balf.f.) Callm. & Chassot, Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron karaka (Martelli) Callm., Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron kariangense (Huynh) Callm., Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
- Martellidendron masoalense (Laivao & Callm.) Callm. & Chassot, Taxon 52: 756 (2003).
References
External links
Categories:- Pandanales genera
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