Mangkunegara II

Mangkunegara II is the king in the Mangkunegaran who went on the throne of his predecessor Prince Sambernyawa. His reign lasted for approximately 40 years (1796–1835). Mangkunegara II is a direct descendant of Mangkunegara I because his father Prince Hario Prabuwijaya is the son Mangkunegara I.

Mangkunegara Origin II

Mangkunegara II comes from a family Prabuwijaya born of Queen Alit. In the self Mangkunegara II blood flow Pakubowono III and Mangkunegara I. Shown as a king Mangkunegaran to replace his grandfather who died in 1795. Mangkunegara II replaces Mangkunegara I is an interesting side note Logo succession at the Palace Prince Sambernyawa different from the two other kingdom. This difference is immediately apparent in the turn and his administration system.

Mangkunegara II comes from theDynasty very strong fighter with military colors, so in terms of change of leadership succession Palace, other than the candidate also has prepared a tradition inherited from his predecessor future goals to be realized during the reign of his successor. Tradition and custom Java, which does not distinguish between male and female in state care as evidenced by the presence of combat troops since the struggle for women's predecessor Prince Sambernyawa. When his government also had visible heiress is prepared and the path is not an issue that prevents women.

Mangkunegara II is a ruler in the Duchy ofMangkunegaran that during his administration preoccupied by war and territorial expansion that in comparison withMangkunegara the other second ruler Mangkunegaran This can be said not to produce works of art in the field of dance art.

In the youth in the care of his grandfather Mangkunegara I prepare to be a substitute for her grandfather had been diverted from his father Prince Hario Prabuwijaya to himself in the atmosphere between the power situation in Java is in a tense situation inside. The determination of the boundaries of power with neighboring areas not infrequently lead to tensions that led to new tensions in open warfare. With the experience of his youth experience in direct care of his grandfather, the Mangkunegara II subsequently grown to become a leader in his leadership following the footsteps of the legendary grandfather Prince Sambernyawa.

Rivalry among the powers that often dikipas fan by the Netherlands in order to maintain balance between the kingdom's political balance in the period before the dissolution of the VOC is often maintained because the Netherlands is aware that its military coercive power is weak.

Dutch military in a weak condition not uncommon to get stuck in a situation complicated by the maturation of intrigue and rumors that heat up the situation so that in these circumstances is a state of super ideal for Mangkunegara to play in the murky water.

Government Mangkunegara II

Mangkunegara II is the name forKanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Aria Mangkunegara II King in Praja Mangkunegaran. In the writing of history is often simply called by the name of Mangkunegara II but are clearly still shows as a youth referred to the King Mangkunegaran.When RM.Sulomo calledadultlater titled Prince Surya Mataram and Prince Surya Mangkubumi. Mangkunegara II was born from the couple AlitQueenandPrinceHario Prabuwijaya. From the mother is the grandson of Pakubowono III is from the father is the grandson of the famous First Mangkunegara title Prince Sambernyawa. Ratu Alit is the daughter of Pakubowono III was the son of Prince Hario Prabuwijaya Mangkunegara I. Government Mangkunegara II lasted from 1796 until 1835.

Name Prince Surya Mataram had caused panic in the Netherlands due to a name that contains the elements of greatness which can provoke the turbidity stability of the three kingdoms;Sultanate-Kasunanan-Mangkunegaran.Change of name and title of Prince Surya Mataram became [[Prince Surya Mangkubumi] ] make the transition from Dutch panic became angered Sultan Hamengkubuwono I. The Dutch need to worry because the name Surya Mataram Prince has never existed at the time and felt his true greatness elements that would invite suspicion for the palace / kingdom which .Suspicion for other parties to invite the threat of disputes and open war that would drag the Dutch back into open warfare again. The Dutch do not want to repeat again involvement in disputes and wars that go on larut.Sultan Hamengkubuwono I lodge a protest over his patih because Mangkubumi name is a name for itself as the oldest surviving member of the Mataram dynasty.

At the time I use the name Mangkunegara always invite suspicion and sensitive factor high because the name contains a number of expectations and future goals which can be a claim for hegemony and expansion region. Mangkunegara Administration II is loaded with the constellation of power and tend to be active and expansive Mangkunegaran out the Palace. Expire until 1835 indicates that skilled and astute Mangkunegara II plays a role in dealing with the power Colonial Empire and Sovereignty of the Kingdom of the other two in Java. Mangkunegaran have successfully read the signs jaman.Three series follow Ruler of Mataram Dynasty stood the test of time in maintaining and developing the existence of the empire.

Expanding empire

In the reign Mangkunegara II regions Mangkunegaran have expanded the territory from 4000 to 5500 census was obtained during the expansion cacah.Penambahan Raffless serving Governor-General in the Indian Belanda.Pada Daendels era before Raffless position Mangkunegara as Prince Miji increased to Prince pinisepuh / the elder. In the year 1808 Legion Mangkunegaran was formed and this dibangun.Legiun 1150-powered and armed personnel to strengthen the position and the position Mangkunegaran.Pertambahan Mangkunegaran area followed by the addition of Legion to 1,500 the number of personnel and development orang.Pembentukan Legion uses the funds to Mangkunegaran Dutch tribute and as the first commander is Mangkunegara II.Praja Mangkunegaran in diocesan administration consists of regions which include; Region Malangjiwan, Region Wonogiri and Region Karanganyar. Each region is headed by a Wedana Mt.

Legion Mangkunegaran Mangkunegaran raised the prestige of a more level political arena mandiri.Kekuatan to obtrude in politics is not just without action but rather a tool to impose the will of others already dipersiapkan.Pembangunan Corps Legion Mangkunegaran equipped with a military education is referred to as Cadet School Legion Legion Mangkunegaran.Komandan Mangkunegara Mangkunegaran is being enthroned with military rank of Colonel. The Army Corps have Legion Infantry, Cavalry and Artillery. With the Praja Mangkunegaran Mangkunegaran Legion became the only court where the military tradition of aristocratic Javanese tradition still alive despite dealing with the colonial power. With its military corps Mangkunegaran appear active and more open to new ideas.

The use of the word "Legion" in the Corps is the military Mangkunegaran absorption of new ideas in conjunction with France through Daendels, who served the Governor-General in Dutch East Indies. Like the Elite Military Corps France now Foreign Legion that unites its members with language France, as well Mangkunegaran Legion members are required to master the language Netherlands and language Wikipedia. The use of language Malay in Mangkunegaran military Corps became a separate record for Mangkunegaran in his contribution to national interests of Indonesia, because the language of Wikipedia later determined to be the National language of Indonesia. Mangkunegaran has contributed to the beginning well before the Nations Indonesian Bahasa Indonesia Merdeka through tradition that was then known as the language of Wikipedia. As a condition of language Wikipedia is required which must be controlled by members of the Legion's language in addition to Netherlands.

Mediate Conflict In Yogyakarta

1. Power Situation Beginning Java Year 1800 M

Government Mangkunegara II experience success in reducing conflict in Yogyakarta as well as forming a new government in Yogyakarta that is with the Duchy Paku Alaman Kasultanan.Sebagai territory taken from the first Duke of the Duchy of this new Prince of Natakusuma was appointed as [[Paku Alam I] ] with the title Kanjeng Gustavo Prince Duke Aryan. On March 13, 1813 is a day early and so the Duchy.

During Mangkunegara II, who reigned in Yogyakarta is Hamengkubuwono II. Sultan of Yogyakarta to the two in his government experience rongrongan intrigue and power of kin and relatives so that running of the government Sultanate experienced ups and downs and full of tension and conflict resulting charge weakening pemerintahan.Yogyakarta less ready in read-century changes involving foreign powers / Europe on the island of Java, which is different from VOC-performance Java Belanda.Terhadap Dutch ruling authorities could play a role as the conquests of the ruling power. Netherlands serving ruler ruler of Java as a strategy to obtain the desired destination.

In 1807 Daendels came to fix admnistratif Java and Java and the archipelago with such new rules to the authorities protocular local authorities including the kings of Java. GAAP Lane IV from Surakarta, who had refused to quickly read the situation and accept it. Mangkunegaran skilled and quickly read the changing times and respond immediately to partnering with the establishment of the Kingdom of the Armed Forces. Yogyakarta little late in reading the changes so accept the risk of deterioration of the Kingdom.

2. European powers in Java

In contrast to the Netherlands, European powers who came in in 1800 the military as it has the coercive power of the same pembangkangan.Sama from Europe, the European powers who came was the Revolutionary forces, always ready to fight-fighter. In the Sultan's Palace fragmented situation in the group broke down the strength of each one with a lainnya.Ada groupNatakusuma with his sonNatadiningrat group in addition to Crown Prince (candidate Hamengkubuwono III) by Captain Yogyakarta region namely China Tan Jiem Sing (later titled Tumenggung Secadiningrat). One more is the group that because of his position Patih Danurejo a compromise between the Sultan and the Governor Netherlands then requires a governor to serve two interests of rulers; Sultanate and the Governor of the Netherlands.

Conflict between groups that invite government in Batavia fell into the area with his army.

'3. European Intervention in Java'

In the two periods of the Governor-General (Daendels and Raffles), Yogyakarta suppressed with military force to compel Hamengkubuwono II down tahta.Di December 1810 Daendels with troops 4200 soldiers stormed Yogyakarta.Daendels reduce Hamengkubuwono II and then raised the son of the Crown of Yogyakarta as Hamengkubuwono III and returned to Batavia with the Prince Natakusuma as tawanan.Pada month replacement in July 1812 with 2,000 soldiers stormed the Raffles Yogyakarta. At the same time-Sepehi Gurkha Soldiers who came to Java with the British plan involved a rebellion against British rule because of circulating rumors that they will be sold to the Netherlands and the abandoned England so as to enlarge the number of troops hit Yogyakarta then Raffles contacting their Prince Prangwadana of Mangkunegaran to exert Legion Mangkunegaran]] back up troops Natakusuma.

The strength of Europe who came to Java is the force that has the ability to compel because it comes with a very memadai.Terhadap combat forces that extend the power is not shy reluctant to act tough even if I have to dissolve the authority and traditional rulers in [ [Java]]. The first victim with the advent of Daendels to Java is Banten. By Daendels Sultanate [Banten dissolved.

4. Destabilization of the Sultan's Palace

At the time of Raffles ruled Java replaced Janssens, Sultanate Yogyakarta threatened dibubarkan.Campur Mangkunegaran hands with Legion Mangkunegaran successfulto prevent the dissolution of the Sultanate with the completion of the founding of the Duchy Paku Alaman. Solution founding of the Duchy of Yogyakarta iscompromise to prevent the emergence of a kingdom with two rulers.

Compromise is the perfect solution because there is no accuracy to get rid of Hamengkubuwono III and replace it with Prince Natakusuma and also there is no accuracy to maintain Hamengkubuwono III to get rid of Prince Natakusuma. Examples from the past who managed to defuse conflicts that go on is the division of power. March 17, 1813 Yogyakarta, split into two powers. Along with the division (still time Raffles Mangkunegaran get an extra entry in his control area.

5. Compromise Power in Yogyakarta

'Conflict of power in Yogyakarta ended with Prince Natakusuma inducted as a Paku Alam, which was attended by Mangkunegara II in the inaugural event but this is just the beginning of the role ofPaku Alaman' in the present conflict in Yogyakarta.Purna already sharing Mataram into two palaces and two Duchy.

References

• Peter Carey: The Power of Prophecy PrinceDipanagara and The End of An Old Older in Java 1785-1855,
• MC.Ricklefs;Jogjakarta Under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1755–1792, History of Java Distribution
• MC. Ricklefs. 1991. History of Modern Indonesia (terj.). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press
• Djumadi, Thojip, MagazinesLOVE, Jakarta, March 7, 1982
• Susilantini, Endah., Mumfangati, Titi., Suyami., Concept Central authorship KGPAA.Mangkunegara IV, Project Assessment and Development Centre for Cultural Values, the Directorate of History and Traditional Values, Directorate General of Culture.
• Moedjanto, G., 1987,The concept of Power of Java: Its application by the Kings of Mataram, London: Canisius
• Purwadi. 2007. ''HistoryJava Kings'. Yogyakarta: Media Studies
• Soekanto, Dr.,About Jogjakarta 1755-1825 (Treaty Giyanti Dipanegara-War), Djakarta: Mahabharata, Amsterdam, 1952.

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Name	Mangkunegara 02
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Date of death	1835
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