TSS Duke of York (1935)

Career
Name:	Duke of York 1935-1942 HMS Duke of Wellington 1942-1948 Duke of York 1948 - 1963 York 1963 Fantasia 1963 - 1975
Owner:	1935-1948: London Midland and Scottish Railway 1948-1964: British Transport Commission 1964-1975: Chandris Lines
Operator:	1935-1948: London Midland and Scottish Railway 1948-1964: British Transport Commission 1964-1975: Chandris Lines
Port of registry:	Lancaster, United Kingdom
Route:	1935-1939: Heysham - Belfast 1952-1964: Harwich - Hook of Holland
Builder:	Harland and Wolff, Belfast
Yard number:	951
Maiden voyage:	1935
Out of service:	1975
Identification:	IMO number: 128318
General characteristics
Type:	Turbine steam ship
Tonnage:	3,743 GT (gross tonnage)
Length:	339.2 ft (103.4 m)
Beam:	55.2 ft (16.8 m)
Draught:	17.9 ft (5.5 m)
Installed power:	502 NHP
Propulsion:	Twin screw
Speed:	12 Knots

The Duke of York was a steamer passenger ship initially operated by the London Midland and Scottish Railway which saw service from 1935 to 1964.^[1] She was renamed HMS Duke of Wellington for the duration of World War II.

In service

Built at Harland and Wolff, Belfast and completed in 1935, she was designed to operate as a passenger ferry on the Heysham to Belfast, alongside the existing 1928 ships on that route, RMS Duke of Lancaster, the RMS Duke of Rothesay and the RMS Duke of Argyll,

She introduced a new principle into the cross-channel trade, the tourist class, which had been in use on the Atlantic lines since 1928.

The Duke of York had one of the earliest automatic fire extinguishers, by Grinnell. Small glass tubes contained a liquid which expanded on a given temperature being reached, and burst the containers, opening water valves above.

HMS Duke of Wellington

The Duke of York was requisitioned in 1942 for war service. She was renamed as HMS Duke of Wellington as there was a battleship with the name "Duke of York". She was converted to a "Landing Ship, Infantry (Hand-Hoisting)" the latter part referred to her hand operated davits; abbreviated to LSI(H)

The conversions allowed her to carry 250 troops and ten Landing Craft Assault to carry them to shore.^[2] For anti-aircraft defence a 12 pounder gun and eight 20 mm cannon were fitted.

She took part in Operation Jubilee, the abortive raid on Dieppe on 19 August 1942, carrying The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.

She took part in the Normandy landings in 1944.

At the end of the War, she transported troops between Tilbury and Ostend.

Post World War II

She reverted to her original name after the war, and in 1949 she was transferred to the Harwich to Hook of Holland service, alongside the Arnham.

Originally a twin funnel vessel, she was rebuilt in 1950 with a single funnel. She was upgraded from coal to oil firing and cabin accommodation for 520 passengers was provided.

On 6 May 1953, she collided in fog with the American freighter USNS Haiti Victory.^[3] Six passengers were killed^[4] and the bow was completely sheered off just in front of the bridge.

She was re-built by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company of Jarrow-on-Tyne with a more modern shaped bow and lengthened by about 7 ft. She rejoined the Harwich fleet in 1954.

She was sold in August 1963.

Fantasia

She was sold to Chandris Lines in 1963 and originally named York. However, she entered service in 1964 as the Fantasia.^[5] She ran mainly on cruises in the Eastern Mediterranean, with some winter charters to religious tour groups. She was withdrawn in the mid-seventies and scrapped in Spain.

References

1. ^ British nationalised shipping, 1947-1968, William Paul Clegg, John S. Styring – 1968
2. ^ http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/13472.html
3. ^ The Times 7 May 1953
4. ^ The Times 7 January 1954
5. ^ The Chandris Liners and Celebrity Cruises. Peter Plowman. 2006. p. 127

External links

• http://www.benjidog.co.uk/MiscShips/index_files/Page1608.htm