Dorelia McNeill

McNeill photographed in 1909

Dorothy (Dorelia) McNeill (19 December 1881- 23 July 1969) was best known as a model for the Welsh artists Gwen John and Augustus John, was the common-law wife of the latter, and has been credited for inspiring "his first unequivocally personal work".^[1] In her time she was regarded by some as an examplar of bohemian fashion.^[2]

Dorothy McNeill was born in Camberwell, the daughter of a clerk and the fourth of seven children.^[3] While attending the Westminster School of Art in 1903 she met Gwen John, who in turn introduced her to her brother Augustus. That year Gwen and McNeill traveled together on foot through France, following the Garonne River.^[4] During a stay in Toulouse Gwen John painted several oils of McNeill, including Dorelia in a Black Dress^[5], before the two proceeded to Paris, where they briefly shared quarters in 1904.^[6] McNeill left for Bruges with a Belgian artist, and was pursued by Augustus, with whom she returned to England. She lived in a ménage à trois with Augustus John and his wife Ida Nettleship, sometimes as part of a Gypsy caravan that would grow to include John's children by both women.^[7] The arrangement lasted until Nettleship's death in 1907, when McNeill became the principal female figure in the John household.^[3][8] Later she had an affair, at Augustus' encouragement, with the painter Henry Lamb.^[3]

McNeill is often described as quiet and enigmatic.^[4][9] In Gwen John's work she appears detached and simply dressed; in Augustus John's art she at times served more exotic purposes, wearing scarves and long dresses,^[10] but was also the subject of domestic scenes, including those which show her with Augustus' first wife and their children.^[9][11] It is said that she "made a significant contribution to the 'bohemian utopianism' of the artist's most intensely creative period, c. 1903-1914."^[9] Eventually she had two sons and two daughters with Augustus. She lived with him until his death in 1961.^[3] Her step grand-daughter was the 1960s bohemian fashion icon Talitha Getty.

Notes

1. ^ Easton, Holroyd, 11
2. ^ See, for example, Virginia Nicholson (2002) Among the Bohemians
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Banham, Berk, 338
4. ^ ^{a b} Langdale, 24
5. ^ Dorelia in a Black Dress circa 1903-4. Tate. Retrieved 25 March 2010
6. ^ Langdale, 25-27
7. ^ Easton, Holroyd, 12, 56, 112
8. ^ "The Secrets of Augustus John's Woman Smiling". Tate. Retrieved 25 March 2010
9. ^ ^{a b c} Banham, Berk, 340
10. ^ In The Smiling Woman (1909), artist and model conspired to produce an image that Roger Fry mistook for a "gypsy Gioconda". Easton, Holroyd, 62
11. ^ Easton, Holroyd, 56-57

References

• Easton, Malcolm, Holroyd, Michael. The Art of Augustus John. David R. Godine, Boston, 1974. ISBN 0-87923-113-0
• Langdale, Cecily. Gwen John. Yale University Press, 1987. ISBN 0-300-03868-2
• Shone, Richard. Augustus John. Phaidon, 1979. ISBN 0-7148-1998-0
• Banham, Joanna, Jiminez, Jill Berk. Dictionary of Artists' Models. Taylor & Francis, 2001. ISBN 1-579-58233-8

External links

• Dorelia in a Black Dress by Gwen John. Tate Gallery
• The Secrets of Augustus John's Woman Smiling, Tate Gallery
• National Museum Wales
• photographs of McNeill at the National Portrait Gallery

Persondata
Name	Macneill, Dorelia
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1881
Place of birth
Date of death	1969
Place of death