Dodan Barracks

Dodan Barracks is a military barracks occupying a large area located off Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria. Dodan Barracks was the residence of the heads of state of various Military Governments in Nigeria, and also the Supreme Military Headquarters from 1966 until the move to Abuja in 1991.^[1] The name "Dodan" originated from the site of a battle fought doing the Second World War by the 82nd West African Division in Burma.^[2]

Military headquarters

The Dodan Barracks was one of the bases of a group of army majors who attempted a coup against the civilian government in January 1966. The coup was suppressed by the army, whose commander, Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, then became head of state.^[3] In July 1966 the Dodan Barracks became the seat of power in Nigeria after a counter-coup in which Ironsi was killed and his Chief of Staff, General Yakubu Gowon was made head of state, moving into the Federal Guard officer's mess. The Barracks was the location where Gowon received the formal Biafran surrender at the end of the Nigerian Civil War in January 1970. Subsequent rulers kept their base at the barracks for the next quarter of a century.^[4]

Jimmy Carter and Lt. Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo at the welcoming ceremony for President Carter's visit to Nigeria: 04/01/1978

Gowon was overthrown in a July 1975 coup, succeeded by General Murtala Mohammed. In an attempted coup in February 1976, Murtala was killed when his convoy was ambushed. His second in command, Lt. General Olusegun Obasanjo, was in the same convoy but escaped and became head of state. Obasanjo moved into the barracks for security reasons.^[4]

In 1977, troops invaded the compound of the influential musician Fela Kuti, called the father of Afrobeat, who was critical of the military regime. They beat up the men, raped the women and threw Fela into detention. His 78 year old mother died later of injuries from being thrown from a second story window.^[5] On his release, he recorded an album titled Coffin For Head of State. Fela and his supporters marched his mother's empty coffin to Dodan Barracks and left it there to shame Obasanjo.^[6] The Dodan Barracks was the location for a meeting in April 1978 between US President Jimmy Carter and Olusegun Obasanjo.^[7]

In the successful December 1983 coup, when General Muhammadu Buhari seized power from President Shehu Shagari, the troops in the barracks initially resisted, only to yield the day after.^[8] In January 1986, a Special Military Tribunal was established to try suspects accused of plotting to overthrow Buhari's successor, General Ibrahim Babangida. The tribunal conducted the trial at the Dodan barracks, finding 17 of the defendants guilty of treason.^[9]

Dodan barracks was one of the key locations seized in the April 1990 coup attempt by Gideon Orkar against Ibrahim Babangida. Babangida was resident when the barracks were attacked, but escaped by a back route.^[10] The guards thwarted the coup attempt, losing five members in defense of Dodan Barracks.^[11] Babangida's wife, Maryam, who was also present with her children at the time of the coup attempt, recalled that when she moved into the barracks in 1985 she had to arrange for considerable renovations to make the rooms more suitable for formal receptions.^[12]

Civilian rule

After the move of army headquarters to Abuja in 1991, and the resumption of civilian power in 1999, funding for maintenance of the barracks was greatly reduced. By late 2003 the grounds were dirty and unkempt, sewage was leaking from broken pipes, the walls of some buildings were cracked and most were abandoned.^[13] In 2004 the then civilian President Olusegun Obasanjo - as a gesture of a departure from past military dictatorship finally ordered Dodan Barracks and all other military barracks not in use across the country be handed over to the country's Police Force.^{[citation needed]}

In August 2006, the Lagos Environment and Sanitation Network identified a heavily polluted drainage channel in the Obalende mammy market, behind the State House and Dodan Barracks. An August 2007 analysis found the water was heavily contaminated with faecal material. People living and working in the market, Dodan Barracks and the State House were at risk from diseases such as typhoid fever, diarrhoea, dysentery and cholera.^[14] In 2007, a report by the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Lagos, recommended that the military barracks should be reduced in size and the land freed up should be used for public housing where appropriate.^[15]

In January 2009, it was reported that president Umaru Yar'Adua would spend part of his vacation at the barracks.^[16][17]

References

1. ^ Ufot Bassey Inamete (2001). Foreign policy decision-making in Nigeria. Susquehanna University Press. p. 46. ISBN 1575910489. 
2. ^ Nowa Omoigui. "Barracks: The History Behind Those Names - Part 5". Segun Toyin Dawodu. http://www.dawodu.com/barrack4.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
3. ^ Robin Luckham (1971). The Nigerian military: a sociological analysis of authority and revolt, 1960-1967. CUP Archive. p. 21. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Max Siollun (2009). Oil, Politics and Violence: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976). Algora Publishing. p. 124ff. ISBN 0875867081. 
5. ^ Matthew McKinnon (August 12, 2005). "Rebel Yells: A protest music mixtape". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. http://www.cbc.ca/arts/photoessay/protest/index14.html. Retrieved 2009-11-22. 
6. ^ NORIMITSU ONISHI (September 11, 2000). "Lagos Journal; Nigeria Echoes to the Beat That Defied Tyrants". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/09/11/world/lagos-journal-nigeria-echoes-to-the-beat-that-defied-tyrants.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved 2009-11-22. 
7. ^ "The Daily Diary of President Jimmy Carter: April 1, 1978". Jimmy Carter Library. http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.org/documents/diary/1978/d040178t.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-22. 
8. ^ NOWAMAGBE OMOIGUI. "Lt. Col Eboma and the Shagari coup". NigerDeltaCongress. http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/karticles/lt%20col%20eboma.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
9. ^ Max Siollun. "The Trial Of Mamman Vatsa". PointBlank News. http://www.pointblanknews.com/artopn603.html. Retrieved 2009-11-22. ^{[dead link]}
10. ^ Nowa Omoigui, MD. "The Orkar Coup of April 22, 1990". Segun Toyin Dawodu. http://www.dawodu.com/omoigui8.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
11. ^ "Nigeria - Army". Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-9461.html. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
12. ^ "ORKAR COUP: How we survived". Sun News. 1 November 2009. http://elombah.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2206:maryam-babangida-in-her-own-words&catid=36:omoba&Itemid=59. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
13. ^ Justice Ilevbare (2003-11-22). "Suffering and Smiling Inside Army Barracks". ThisDay. http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/11/22/20031122plu01.html. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
14. ^ Abimbola Akosile (24 June 2009). "Blocked Drainage - Lagos CSOs Decry Health Hazards". ThisDay. http://allafrica.com/stories/200906250504.html. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
15. ^ Leke Oduwaye (2007). "Effects of Institutional Land Uses on Road Traffic in Metropolitan Lagos, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.". Medwell Journals. http://www.medwelljournals.com/fulltext/TSS/2007/255-263.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-21. ^{[dead link]}
16. ^ Hanson Okoh (January 31, 2009). "Uncertainty Trails Yar'Adua's Arrival To Dodan Barracks, Obudu". GroundReport. http://www.groundreport.com/Media_and_Tech/Uncertainty-Trails-YarAduas-Arrival-To-Dodan-Barra_1/2883190. Retrieved 2009-11-21. 
17. ^ "Nigerian president to remain in country during leave". Reuters. Jan 26, 2009. http://in.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idINLQ21837720090126. Retrieved 2009-11-22. 

Coordinates: 6°26′58″N 3°25′1″E / 6.44944°N 3.41694°E / 6.44944; 3.41694