- Inhibitor of DNA-binding protein
Inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation proteins, also known as Id proteins comprise a family of
protein s that heterodimerize withbasic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH)transcription factor s to inhibitDNA binding of bHLH proteins.cite journal | author = Perk J, Iavarone A, Benezra R | title = Id family of helix-loop-helix proteins in cancer | journal = Nat. Rev. Cancer | volume = 5 | issue = 8 | pages = 603–14 | year = 2005 | month = August | pmid = 16034366 | doi = 10.1038/nrc1673 | url = | issn = ] Id proteins also contain the HLH-dimerization domain but lack the basic DNA-binding domain and thus negatively regulate bHLH transcription factors when they heterodimermize with bHLH proteins.cite journal | author = Pagliuca A, Bartoli PC, Saccone S, Della Valle G, Lania L | title = Molecular cloning of ID4, a novel dominant negative helix-loop-helix human gene on chromosome 6p21.3-p22 | journal = Genomics | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 200–3 | year = 1995 | month = May | pmid = 7665172 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1026 | url = | issn = ]Function
ID proteins are key regulators of development where they function to prevent premature differentiation of
stem cell s.cite journal | author = Yokota Y | title = Id and development | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 58 | pages = 8290–8 | year = 2001 | month = December | pmid = 11840321 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205090 | url = | issn = ] In contrast, inappropriate regulation of ID proteins in differentiated cells can contribute totumorigenesis .cite journal | author = Benezra R, Rafii S, Lyden D | title = The Id proteins and angiogenesis | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 58 | pages = 8334–41 | year = 2001 | month = December | pmid = 11840326 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205160 | url = | issn = ] cite journal | author = Lasorella A, Uo T, Iavarone A | title = Id proteins at the cross-road of development and cancer | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 58 | pages = 8326–33 | year = 2001 | month = December | pmid = 11840325 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205093 | url = | issn = ] cite journal | author = Zebedee Z, Hara E | title = Id proteins in cell cycle control and cellular senescence | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 58 | pages = 8317–25 | year = 2001 | month = December | pmid = 11840324 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205092 | url = | issn = ] Finally expression of ID proteins inneuron s halts neuron axon growth and allows elongation of neurons.cite journal | author = Iavarone A, Lasorella A | title = ID proteins as targets in cancer and tools in neurobiology | journal = Trends Mol Med | volume = 12 | issue = 12 | pages = 588–94 | year = 2006 | month = December | pmid = 17071138 | doi = 10.1016/j.molmed.2006.10.007 | url = | issn = ]Subtypes
Humans express four types of Id proteins (called
ID1 ,ID2 , ID3, and ID4).References
External links
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