Dendrobium sinense

Dendrobium sinense
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Epidendroideae
Tribe:	Dendrobieae
Subtribe:	Dendrobiinae
Genus:	Dendrobium
Species:	D. sinense
Binomial name
Dendrobium sinense Tang & F.T.Wang[1]

Dendrobium sinense is a species of Orchid (Orchidaceae) endemic to the Chinese island of Hainan. It produces a volatile organic compound that is unrecorded in other plant species.

The flowers of this orchid produce a bee pheromone which attracts its pollinator, Vespa bicolor, a species of hornet. The novel feature, first reported in 2009, is supposed to mimic the pheromones of honeybees, the Asian Apis cerana and European Apis mellifera honeybee, which is produced as a distress signal.

The chemical compound, (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol, can be detected by the hornet and is it is assumed this mimicry deceives the insect into visiting the flower without reward. The European beewolf (Philanthus triangulum) is also able to detect this compound when hunting bees. V. bicolor preys on honeybees to feed its larvae.

Sources

• Orchid Mimics Honey Bee Alarm Pheromone in Order to Attract Hornets for Pollination, Current Biology, Volume 19, Issue 16, 1368–1372, 6 August 2009, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.06.067

References

1. ^ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-59094

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