Severus Scroll

Severus Scroll

The Severus Scroll (or Codex Severi) was a lost scroll containing the Torah. A very few sentences of it have been preserved by Rabbinic literature.

This scroll was allegedly taken to Rome by emperor Titus as part of the booty after the Fall of Jerusalem, AD 70, and one century and half later the emperor Severus Alexander gave it as a gift to a synagogue he allowed to be built in Rome.[1]

Variants of this scroll from the Masoretic text are contained mainly in "Genesis Rabbati",[2][3] and are similar to the ones quoted by Rabbi Meir, who thus probably knew this Torah scroll.[4]

The variants from the Masoretic text are thirty-three, most minors differences due the weakening of gutturals. Some relevant variants are "garments of light" in place of "garments of skin" in (Genesis 3:21) and "he sold his sword" in place of "he sold his birthright" in (Genesis 25:33).[4]

Notes

  1. ^ Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The text of the Old Testament: an introduction to the Biblia Hebraica. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 9780802807885. http://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC&pg=PA38#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
  2. ^ see A. Epstein, in "Monatsschrift," 1885, pp. 337 et seq.; "Recueil des Travaux Rédigés en l'Honneur de D. Chwolson," pp. 49 et seq., Berlin, 1899
  3. ^ 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia article "Alexander Severus"
  4. ^ a b Tov, Emanuel (2001). Textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible. Uitgeverij Van Gorcum. pp. 119–121. ISBN 9789023237150. http://books.google.com/books?id=egDUOjN1qI4C&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q&f=false. 

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