Christian Transformationalism

Transformationalism, or Transformational Christianity, represents a fusion of evangelicalism, Pentecostalism, and ecumenism that started becoming prominent in the early 21st century. Unlike previous movements, it is typically embodied in regional meta-church organizations — alliances of churches from different denominational backgrounds — rather than particular churches, denominations, or parachurch organizations. Critics of Transformationalism accuse it of over-realised eschatology, false dichotomies, unnecessary idealism and a tendency to be corrosive of individual church identities.

Radical middle

Transformational Christianity interprets the gospel from a unified perspective of transforming individuals, relationships, and institutions. It thus tends to align intellectually with evangelicals, emotionally with charismatics, and socially with ecumenicals — though only up to a point. The emphasis is less on being theologically or politically correct than on being effective in transforming the world around you (and yourself). It thus tends to reflect the kingdom theology of Gordon Fee's radical middle approach to Christianity, which characterizes the role of the church as manifesting God's kingdom on earth.

Defining beliefs

Ed Silvoso identifies "Five Pivotal Paradigms" he considers essential for sustainable transformation to take place.^[1] Specifically, he calls people to recognize that:

1. The Great Commission is about discipling nations, not just people.
2. The marketplace (the heart of the nation) has already been redeemed by Jesus and now needs to be reclaimed by His followers.
3. Labor is the premier expression of worship on Earth, and every believer is a minister.
4. Our primary call is not to build the Church, but to take the kingdom of God where the kingdom of darkness is still entrenched, in order for Jesus to build His Church.
5. The premier social indicator that transformation has taken place is the elimination of systemic poverty.

Several criticisms have been made. Firstly "people" and "nations" are parallel ideas, and no biblical distinction is being made.^{[citation needed]} Secondly, the creation mandate should be distinguished from the salvation mandate. Silvoso conflates the two; even though the creation command to work is not the same as the command to worship. Building the church and the kingdom are not separate ideas that can be distinguished neatly, and so once again a false dichotomy is posed.^{[citation needed]} Finally, judging whether the kingdom has come on grounds of health and wealth is highly disputed.^{[citation needed]}

Marketplace ministers

One defining aspect of transformationalism is its focus on what are called marketplace ministers. In this context, as in many Christian circles, the term 'marketplace' is used to represent business, education, and government—i.e., everything outside the church and family. The heroes of most other movements are celebrated for their church-related activities (e.g., evangelists, missionaries, bishops, apostles, etc.). In contrast, the heroes of transformationalism are lionized for their work outside the church. Importantly, they are expected to deliver secular success (new business, increased profits or efficiency, improved workplace conditions) as a precondition to spiritual success (conversions, transformed lifestyles, formal acknowledgement of Christianity, etc.). They are not valued just for making money, or even just for bringing people into the church; rather, they are seen as the primary carriers for bringing the "kingdom of God" or "presence of Jesus Christ" into the world.

In one sense, this is a return to the ideals of the Protestant reformation, with its emphasis on the "priesthood of all believers" and the value of secular work. The key difference is that transformationalism is set in the context of a post-Christian culture, where personal evangelism is both possible and (in this view) necessary. Thus, secular work is also viewed as a platform for evangelization. At the same time, transformationalists would also affirm—and celebrate—the intrinsic value of work, both as an aspect of worship and as a service to society.

Secular authorities, however, still expect Christians to do the work that they are supposed to do, and the ability of some to give all their time to Christian ministry for the sake of equipping the saints should still be desired. In the transformational movement, however, full-time Christian ministry can be seen in a negative light. Christian heroes have often been remembered for their sacrifice; it is an unusual spirituality that wants to ignore this and suggest worldly riches as a badge of honour.

Regional pastoring

A related innovation is the concept of city-wide pastoring. The key premise is that in addition to the concepts of one "church universal" and many "local congregations," which most Christians accept, there is also a third level: "the church in the city". The idea is that all the congregations in a particular region, of whatever denomination, are really aspects of a single church family, and should actively think, plan, and work together under that common framework. This doesn't mean that a single unifying structure is imposed from above, as in the old establishment idea of parishes. Rather, it involves formalizing the existing networks of relationship and trust into a coherent organizational structure, usually involving councils of recognized leaders from different communities. This typically means the church as a whole develops a common vision, which is implemented by individual congregations with minimal explicit coordination. It also enables the Christian community to speak with one voice when dealing with local government; however, the focus is usually on finding ways to cooperate in serving the community, rather than dictating policy.

The "one church in the city" idea is based on an unusual reading of the Scriptures that supposes that just because there was only one church in each city in the time of the primitive church, that there should also be today. It is also based in the anti-denominationalism of Restorationism, the ministry of Watchman Nee and Derek Prince. Some would argue that denominations can be seen in the Bible, where Paul had direct influence in some churches (Ephesus, Thessalonica) and not in others (Rome, Jerusalem).

History

The concept of transformation was birthed out of an apparently uncoordinated series of city-wide revivals which took place around the world in the 1990s. These were documented by several individuals, notably: George Otis, Jr. and his popular (if controversial) Transformations film which claims drug arrests (see Cali Cartel) were connected to revival in the Colombian city. Jack Dennison also wrote a book, City Reaching. This led to an upswell of global interest in both city reaching and marketplace ministry. Argentinian evangelist Ed Silvoso popularized the latter approach in his book Anointed for Business, which introduced the term Marketplace Transformation. This combined with the concept of community transformation to develop a more general focus on transformation.

The term 'Transformationalism' was apparently first used in conjunction with groups such as Pray the Bay in early 2004, reflecting a more general view of transformation as a key (if not defining) attribute of the Christian life. This coincided with a possibly unrelated increase in the use of the term 'transformation' by a wide range of different churches and organizations during 2004.

Transformation conferences in 2005 (Indonesia) and 2007 (Seoul, Korea) focused on five "streams": saturation church planting; revival; reaching cities; marketplace ministry and economic development for the poor. The goal was, among other things, to develop a transformational covenant, to provide further definition to this movement.

Comparisons

Transformationalism is a more secular version of the Manifest Sons of God doctrine that emerged from the Latter Rain Movement. It is also similar to the revivalism of traditional Evangelicalism. However, by shifting the focus from individual conversion to large-scale transformation, it adopts an approach not unlike the social gospel of Liberal and the Liberal Evangelicalism of the pre-war period (this is in contrast to the more confrontational approach of fundamentalism). Unlike the Christian Right, transformationalists emphasize that the way to achieve a renewed society is through personal testimony and servant-leadership towards those in power, rather than political manoeuvring. This places it near to progressive evangelicalism. Some aspects are reminiscent of the Dutch Neo-Calvinists, Abraham Kuyper and Herman Dooyeweerd, especially talk of "filling up the spheres of society."

Transformational groups typically involve a cross-section of Catholic, Protestant, and non-denominational churches (though not borderline groups such as Mormons). Most still tend to have an evangelical, or even fundamentalist, statement of faith; however, they are generally more concerned with being inclusive than exclusive, and often will attempt to accommodate individuals and churches with more liberal theological views if they share a compatible vision of the goals and means of transformation. Transformational movements are often mediated by other trans-denominational initiatives such as the Alpha Course or Promise Keepers, which share a similar heritage and goals.

Footnotes

1. ^ Ed Silvoso Transformation: Change the Marketplace and You Change the World (Ventura: Regal, 2007) 28–9.

Organizations

• Harvest Evangelism's Apostolic Transformation Network
• Transform World
• The Real Talk Program on KFIA radio with Joe Pursch
• Center for Transformational Christianity, Sacramento, CA
• Transformational Alliance of Santa Clara County (Northern California, USA)

Documents

• Mission as Transformation, Vinay Samuel and Christopher Sugden, 1999
• Transformational Covenant (Indonesia 2005)
• City Reaching: On the Road to Community Transformation by Jack Dennison
• Transformation: A Unifying Vision of God, People & Work (PDF)
• Car Wash Christianity by Phil Ware
• Living the NORMAL "REVIVED" Christian Life by Don Lamb
• Transforming Discipleship by Greg Ogden
• Putting God In A Box – Transformationalism
• Transformational Christianity by John Isaacs
• A Model of Spiritual Transformation by Center for Christian Leadership
• What If God Were Real? by John Avant of First West Church

Criticisms

• Critique of the George Otis film

Other meanings

Transformationalism can also refer to:

• a theory in linguistics
• an artistic movement supposedly founded by the Transformationalists of the late 19th century, which received a perhaps tongue-in-cheek revival in 1979 from START: Stoke-on-Trent's Magazine Of The Arts
• See also: The Transformationalists