Chiragh Ali

Moulví Cherágh Ali (1844-1895) (also spelled Chirágh) was an Indian Muslim scholar of the late 19th century. As a colleague of Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan He made a contribution to the school of Muslim Modernists and presented reformative thinking about the Qu'ran. He contributed numerous works to the school of Muslim Modernists such as A Critical Exposition of the Popular Jihad and Proposed Political, Legal and Social Reforms Under Moslem Rule. His interactions with Christians in British India also marked him as an Muslim apologist with a particular focus on the wars of the Prophet Muhammad. His goal in the criticism of the Qur'ān as well as the shariah is to justify contemporary Western ideals through the Qur'ān. Dying at age 51 during treatment, Cherágh Ali is now buried in Bombay.

Family Life

Cherágh Ali was the oldest of three siblings Wilayat Ali, Inayat Ali and Mansib Ali. Their father, Muhammad Bakhsh died at age 35. At this point, when Cherágh was 12 years old, the responsibility of educating the family fell up their mother's as well as their grandmother's shoulders. It is known that he had a wife.

Education

Cherágh Ali was educated exclusively at home. One of his initial educational accomplishments was the acquisition of the languages of Persian, Arabic, English, French, Hebrew, Latin and Greek. Education and study was the most important aspect of Cherágh Ali's life. His studies led him offer a new translation of the text and message of the Qur'ān as well as Muhammad's battles.

Career

In his early working years, Cherágh Ali was stationed as a clerk in Gurakhpūr but eventually found himself in Lucknow searching for a better job. He then became a collector in the Office of Settlement until Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan recommended him for a position in the government of the Nizam of Hyderabad. Cherágh had already been making some literary contributions to a variety of papers such as Mukhbir-i Sãdiq and Manshūr-i Muhhamadī. When Sir Sayyid was requested by Salar Jang I, the Prime Minister of Hyderabad State to hire a translator, Cherágh Ali was the one invited to fill that position. He was associated with Sir Sayyid throughout the rest of his career because of similar religious and political beliefs.

Political Life

Cherágh followed the school of Muslim Modernists and is most prominently known for his association with Sir Sayyid. The two met in 1874 when Sir Sayyid came to Lucknow after their literary excursions had led them there. Cherágh Ali was a solid supporter of Sir Sayyid's Aligarh Movement. Despite being a prominent civil servant, Cherágh Ali avoided getting caught up in political action in Hyderabad. Rather he let his literary works speak for themselves.

In his writings, Cherágh Ali sought to correct what he perceived to be misperceptions of Islam and jihad. These misunderstandings, he argued, came from the historical development of hadith and the activities of Muslim jurists. He believed the jurists had taken justice into their own hands and in doing so misused or completely ignored the Qur'ān. In following these beliefs, Cherágh Ali was committed to offering a fresh interpretation of the Qur'ān and a moderated version of jihad.

In making a point of redefining the meaning of jihad, Cherágh Ali described the wars of Muhammad as strictly defensive. He argued that all of Muhammad's wars were local and temporary, making them defensive because the Qur'ān does not teach a war of aggression. He argued that Muhammad only engaged in battle in response to acts that contradicted the Qur'ān's teachings. Cherágh's belief that Islam is misunderstood by the majority of the world motivated his reformation of the Qur'ān.^[1]

References

• Wahidur Rahman, A.N.M.. "The Religious Thought of Mouvli Chiragh Ali". Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/view/action/singleViewer.do?dvs=1299088307995~778&locale=en_CA&show_metadata=false&VIEWER_URL=/view/action/singleViewer.do?&DELIVERY_RULE_ID=4&search_terms=WAZ%20=(%20chiragh%20ali)&application=DIGITOOL-3&frameId=1&usePid1=true&usePid2=true. Retrieved 3 March 2011. 
• Guenther, Alan. "The Hadith in Christian-Muslim discourse in British India, 1857-1888". Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University, Montreal. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/view/action/singleViewer.do?dvs=1299178529766~156&locale=en_CA&show_metadata=false&VIEWER_URL=/view/action/singleViewer.do?&DELIVERY_RULE_ID=4&search_terms=WAZ%20=(%20Chiragh%20Ali)&application=DIGITOOL-3&frameId=1&usePid1=true&usePid2=true. Retrieved 3 March 2011. 
• Modernists Approach to the Qu'ran, in Encyclopedia of the Holy Qu'ran, By A. R. Agwan, N. K. Singh.^[2] Chiragh Ali (1844-June 15, 1895)^[3][4][5][6]

1. ^ Ali, Moulvi Cheragh (1984). A Critical Exposition of the Popular Jihad. Delhi, India: Idarah-I Adabiyat-I Delli. pp. 114–116. 
2. ^ Jalal, Alyesha (2008). Partisans of Allah. Cambridge, MS: Harvard University Press. pp. 155–160. 
3. ^ Hardy, P. (1972). The Muslims of British India. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 113. 
4. ^ Kraemer, Hendrik (1960). World Cultures and World Religions: The Coming Dialogue. Cambridge, ENG: James Clarke Co., Ltd. pp. 120. http://books.google.ca/books?id=vI7JN_AsWrYC&pg=PA120&dq=cheragh+ali&hl=en&ei=LQdxTYjqApD2gAfJocGLAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=cheragh%20ali&f=false. 
5. ^ Rahman, Wahidur; Hakim Mohammed Said (Winter 1993). "Modernist Muslim's Approach to Hadith: Aligarh School.". Hamard Islamicus. No. 4 XVI (A Quarterly Journal of Bait al-Hikmat): 16–18. 
6. ^ Ali, Moulavi Cheragh (1883). Proposed Political, Legal and Social Reforms Under Moslem Rule. Byculla: Education Society's Press. pp. 7, 15. 

Persondata
Name	Ali, Chiragh
Alternative names	Ali, Cheragh
Short description
Date of birth	1844
Place of birth
Date of death	1895
Place of death