Fontane di Roma

"Fontane di Roma" (English "Fountains of Rome") is a 1916 work by the Italian composer Ottorino Respighi, now considered part of the "Roman Trilogy" of symphonic poems along with Feste Romane and Pini di Roma. Each of the four movements is dedicated to one of Rome’s fountains during different periods of the day and night. At first jeered by critics during its premiereFact|date=February 2007, this work has later become one of the most eminent examples of the symphonic poem.

Instrumentation

The work is scored for piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets in A and B flat, bass clarinet in A and B flat, 2 bassoons, 4 horns in F, 3 trumpets in A and B flat, 3 trombones, tuba, cymbals, triangle, glockenspiel, bell in D, celesta, piano, organ (ad lib), 2 harps and strings.

Movements

*1. "La fontana di Valle Giulia all'Alba" (The Fountain of Valle Giulia at Dawn)
*2. "La fontana del Tritone al mattino" (The Triton Fountain in the Morning)
*3. "La fontana di Trevi al meriggio" (The Trevi fountain at noon)
*4. "La fontana di Villa Medici al tramonto" (The Villa Medici Fountain at Sunset)

Descriptions

*The first movement "La fontana di Valle Giulia all'Alba" shows this fountain at daybreak in a pastoral landscape, in which cattle pass during the morning.
*In the second movement - called "La fontana del Tritone al mattino" show Naiads and Tritons dancing in the morning light, as figures of the Bernini fountain are seen nearby. Gods and goddesses using conch shells are portrayed by the French horn.
*The third movement introduces "La fontana di Trevi al meriggio" and is ushered in by a triumph giving news of a recent victory by the god Neptune.
*The final movement, "La fontana di Villa Medici al tramonto" gives a much more melancholic atmosphere, as the brilliance of the sun fades.

External links

* [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000001GX5 Listen to samples]