Polybutene

Polybutene

A liquid oligomer, polybutene is widely used as a plasticizer for high molecular weight polymers, such as polyethylene.

Properties

The liquid is clear and colourless, and is sold in many different grades. The grades are determined mainly by molecular weight, the higher grades showing increasing viscosity. The oligomer degrades at high temperature (upwards of 350 C) to form monomer isobutene by chains unzipping from the chain ends.

tructure

The repeat unit is the same as that of butyl rubber or polyisobutylene:

- [-CH2-C(CH3)2-] n-

One of the end units in each chain is double bonded, so further derivatives can be synthesised owing to the reactivity of the bond. But the same double bond makes the molecule sensitive to oxidation when hot liquid is exposed to air. Its structure should not be confused with polybutylene, a high molecular weight polymer with a different chain repeat unit.

Applications

It is used as an additive for engine oils and greases, and as an extender in putties used for sealing roofs and windows. In hydrogenated form, it is also used in a wide variety of cosmetic preparations, such as lipstick. It is used in adhesives owing to its tackiness.

Bibliography

* Decroocq, S and Casserino, M, "Polybutenes", Chapter 17 in Rudnick (Ed), "Engine Oils and Bio-based Lubricants", CRC Press (2006).


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