Saxon XX HV

Infobox German Railway Vehicle
Farbe1=698B69
Farbe2
Baureihe=Saxon XX HV DRG Class 19.0
Abbildung=Dampflokomotive_19_017_Chemnitz_Hilbersdorf.jpg
Name=Dampflokomotive 19 017 im Eisenbahnmuseum Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf 24. August 2002
Nummerierung=66–80, 206–213
DRG: 19 001–023
Hersteller=Sächsische Maschinenfabrik, Chemnitz
Baujahre=1918–1923
Ausmusterung=by 1967
Anzahl=23
Wheel arrangement=2-8-2
Achsformel= 1'D1' h4v
Gattung=S 46.17
Spurweite=1,435 mm
Treibraddurchmesser=1,905 mm
VorneLaufraddurchmesser=1,065 mm
HintenLaufraddurchmesser=1,260 mm
Anfahrzugkraft=
Beschleunigung=
Leistungskennziffer=
Höchstgeschwindigkeit=100 km/h / 120 km/h
LängeÜberPuffer=22,632 mm
Länge=
Höhe=
Breite=
Drehzapfenabstand=
AchsabstandDerFahrgestelle=
FesterRadstand=
Gesamtradstand=11,960 mm
RadstandMitTender=19,182 mm
Leermasse=90.3 t
Dienstmasse =93.5 t
DienstmasseMitTender =
Reibungsmasse=50.7 t
Radsatzfahrmasse=17.2 t
Antrieb=
Geschwindigkeitsmesser=
Steuerung=
Übersetzungsstufen=
Kupplungstyp=
Bremsen=
Zusatzbremse=
Feststellbremse=
Lokbremse=Westinghouse compressed-air brake
Zugbremse=
Zugsicherung=
Halbmesser=
Besonderheiten=
NDZylinderdurchmesser=480 mm
HDZylinderdurchmesser=720 mm
Zylinderanzahl=
Kolbenhub=630 mm
Kuppelraddurchmesser=
Kessel=
Kessellänge=
Kesseldruck= 15 bar
AnzahlHeizrohre=156
Heizrohrlänge=5,800 mm
Rostfläche=4.50 m²
Strahlungsheizfläche=15.5 m²
Rohrheizfläche=211.6 m²
Überhitzerfläche=74.00 m²
Verdampfungsheizfläche=227.05 m²
IndizierteLeistung=1,800 PS
Steuerungsart=Walschaerts (Heusinger)
Zylinderdruck=

Tenderbauart= sä 2'2' T 31
DienstmasseTender=
Wasser=31.5 m³
Brennstoff=coalThe Saxon Class XX $extstyle\; mathfrak\{H\}$$extstyle\; mathfrak\{V\}$ were German eight-coupled express train, tender locomotives built for the Royal Saxon State Railways ("Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen") just after the First World War. The locomotives, which became known as the 'Pride of Saxony' ("Sachsenstolz") were the first and only German express locomotives with a 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and, at the time of their appearance, were the largest express engines in the whole of Europe. In 1925, the Deutsche Reichsbahn grouped these locomotive into their DRG Class 19.0.

History

The XX HVs were the last Saxon express train locomotives and were the pinnacle of Saxon locomotive engineering. They were conceived primarily for heavy express train duties on the winding and hilly Dresden to Hof trunk route through the "Mittelgebirge".

Its design was based on that of its predecessor, the Saxon XVIII H, but unlike the latter it had a fourth coupled axle and a four-cylinder compound engine. Between 1918 and 1925 a total of 23 examples were manufactured by the Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Chemnitz.

The locomotives were given new running numbers 19 001–023 by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft in 1925. The engines built in 1922 were stationed initially in Stuttgart-Rosenstein, those built in 1923 at Frankfurt am Main. From 1925 all 23 locomotives were homed in the Saxon locomotive depots ("Bahnbetriebswerken" or "Bw") of Dresden-Altstadt and Reichenbach/Vogtl..

The engines fully met the requirements of a "Mittelgebirge" mountain locomotive, however its main disadvantage was its high coal consumption on the level. As a result the XX HV only worked the Dresden–Berlin line by exception.

Locomotive 19 021 was destroyed in the Second World War by a bomb, the remainder went into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany in 1945, but several were not used due to war damage. Until their retirement in the 1960s the locomotives continued to head express trains on the Dresden–Hof and Leipzig–Hof routes.

On the electrification of their main routes the locomotives were retired by 1967. Number 19 017 remains preserved as a non-operational museum locomotive at the Dresden Transport Museum.

Design features

The boiler was identical to that of its predecessor, the Saxon XVIII H. However its greater length meant that the heating area could be increased by 10 m². The boiler was supplied with water through two feedwater pumps that were later replaced by one injector and a Knorr feed pump with surface economiser. The steam engine was configured as a four-cylinder compound. The high pressure cylinders sloped steeply between the frame sides, the low pressure cylinders were located in the usual, horizontal position outside the frame. Both pairs of cylinders drove the second coupled axle. To control the supply to the low pressure cylinders there was a normal Walschaerts valve gear which also controlled the inside cylinders via pendulum levers. A special feature was the Lindner starting cock, already well-known on two-cylinder compounds, which could supply additional live steam to the low pressure cylinders when working at over 60%.

Westinghouse compressed-air brakes were installed for locomotive braking. This worked on one side only of all carrying and coupled wheels. Locomotives 19 012, 015, 017 and 022 were later fitted with Riggenbach counter-pressure brakes.

The vehicles were coupled to Saxon sä 2'2' T 31 [tender (rail)|tenders] .

Reconstruction

During 1963–1965 the locomotives fitted with a Riggenbach counter-pressure brake, nos. 19 015 and 19 022, were converted into trials locomotives by the VES-M Halle trials depot. They served as braking locomotives during performance trials.

The two engines were given new "39 E" boilers of the type designed for the 03.10, 39 and 41. The engine was originally heaving influenced by the dimensions of the turntables available in 1918 and was therefore not optimised for normal running. In addition to changes to the frame, it was modified with new 1000 mm diameter carrying wheels. This increased the overall wheelbase from 11,960 mm to 12,100 mm. New driver's cabs, "Witte" smoke deflectors, circular smokebox doors, a common cover for the steam dome and sand box as well as the arrangement of all pumps on a special mounting gave the engines a very different appearance. Number 19 015 was coupled to a 2'3 T 38 tender from H 45 024. In 1967 both locomotives were converted to oil firing.

In 1970 the two engines were renumbered to 04 0015 and 04 0022. In 1975/76 they were retired and scrapped.

Literature

* Fritz Näbrich, Günter Meyer, Reiner Preuß: "Lokomotivarchiv Sachsen 2", transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrswesen, Berlin, 1983
* Erich Preuß, Rainer Preuß: "Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen", transpress Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin, 1991, ISBN 3-344-70700-0
* Jürgen U. Ebel: "Sächsische Schnellzuglokomotiven Band 2: Sachsenstolz Die Gattung XX H V Die Reichsbahnbaureihe 19.0". EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-88255-120-8
* Günther Reiche: "Richard Hartmann und seine Lokomotiven". Oberbaumverlag, Berlin/Chemnitz 1998, ISBN 3-928254-56-1
* Hans Wiegard: "Reko- und Neubaudampfloks der DR". GeraMond Verlag, München 2001, ISBN 3-7654-7103-8

ee also

*Royal Saxon State Railways
*List of Saxon locomotives and railbuses

External links

* [http://www.sachsenstolz.de/Sachsenstolz/Das_Vorbild/das_vorbild.html Geschichte, Bilder und technische Daten]
* There is a relevant English-language forum at [http://germanrail.8.forumer.com/index.php Railways of Germany]