Facel Vega

Infobox_Defunct_Company
company_name = Facel Vega S.A.
company_
foundation = 1939
defunct = 1964
fate = folded
location = Paris, France
industry = Automotive
key_people = Jean Daninos, founder
products = Automobiles from 1954
parent =

Facel Vega was a French builder of luxury cars. Their advertising slogan: "For the Few Who Own the Finest".

The brand was created by Jean Daninos (brother of the humorist Pierre Daninos who wrote "Les Carnets du Major Thomson"). Initially, FACEL (Forges et Ateliers de Construction d'Eure-et-Loir) was a metal-stamping company which decided to expand into car manufacturing in the early 1950s. Facel entered the automobile business as a supplier of special bodies for Panhard, Delahaye and Simca. Around 45,000 Simcas were built; this lucrative contract allowing Facel to market a car of their own. The first Facel Vega production cars appeared in 1954 using Chrysler V8 engines, at first a convert|4.5|L|cuin|sing=on DeSoto Hemi engine; the overall engineering was straightforward, with a tubular chassis, double wishbone suspension at the front and a solid driven axle at the back, as in standard American practice. They were also as heavy as American cars, at about convert|1800|kg|lb|0|abbr=on . Performance was brisk, with an approx convert|190|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on top speed and 0 to convert|100|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on in just under ten seconds.

The bodywork was beautifully styled, making the Facel Vega an enduring classic. Most cars were 2-door hardtops with no centre pillar, but a few convertibles were built.

The 1956 model was improved with a bigger convert|5.4|L|cuin|sing=on Chrysler engine and updated transmission and other mechanicals; in the same year a 4-door model, the "Excellence", with rear-hinged doors (suicide doors) at the back and no centre pillar, was also produced. Its pillarless design unfortunately made it less rigid and the handling was thus poorer than the 2-door cars, and they are rare.

1959 models had even bigger engines, a convert|5.8|L|cuin|sing=on and later a convert|6.3|L|cuin|sing=on Chrysler V8, and were quite a bit faster despite their extra weight.The final evolution came in 1962 with the Facel II; lighter, with sleeker, more modern lines, substantially faster still and famously "elegant".

In 1960, Facel entered the sports car market with the Facellia, a small car along the lines of the then popular Mercedes 190SL. Facellias were advertised in three body styles: cabriolet, 2+2 coupé and 4-seat coupé — all with the same mechanicals and a 96.5" wheelbase. Styling was similar to the Facel HK500, but with rather elegant (though fingernail-breaking) flush door handles. Following Facel Vega's demise several of M Daninos's styling cues were "borrowed" by Mercedes Benz.

With the idea of creating a mass produced all-French sports car competing with the Alfa Romeos, Facel eschewed its standard of American engines, and the Facellia used a 4 cylinder 1.6 L DOHC engine built in France by Paul Cavalier of Pont-à-Mousson. The engine had only two bearings supporting each camshaft, using special steels, as opposed to the usual four or five. Despite the metallurgical experience of Pont-à-Mousson, this resulted in excessive flex, timing problems and frequent failures. The engine was pronounced a disaster and the Facellia with it. The troublesome engine was replaced with a Volvo P1800 powerplant in the Facel III, but the damage was done. Production was stopped in 1963 and despite the vision of it being a "volume" car only 1100 were produced, which is Facel's highest production number. Facel lost money on every car they built, the luxury car side of the company being supported entirely by the other work done by Facel Metallon, Jean Daninos's obsession being very similar to that of David Brown of Aston Martin.

The small Facellia met with little success and the losses from this, due to strong competition at the luxury end of the market, killed off the company. Facel exited the car market completely in 1964. What was, according to some, the best small Facel, the Facel 6, which used an Austin Healey 2.8 litre engine, came too late to save the company, fewer than 30 having been produced when the French government scuttled the endeavour.

Being expensive and glamorous luxury cars many Facels survive and the HK500 and, especially the Facel ll, are now highly sought-after and, given their mass-produced American mechanicals, are easier to maintain than many. Facellias are not difficult to find, though examples with the original Pont-à-Mousson engine are quite rare and are harder to maintain.

The French writer Albert Camus died in an auto accident in a Facel Vega belonging to his publisher. Other owners include Pablo Picasso, Ava Gardner, Ringo Starr, Joan Fontaine, Stirling Moss, Tony Curtis, Dean Martin, Maurice Trintignant and several Saudi princes. [http://www.autoweek.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070302/FREE/70223002/1027/FREE] Race-car driver Stirling Moss would drive his HK500 from event to event rather than fly.

Models

*Facel Vega HK 500
*Facel Vega II
*Facel Vega Excellence
*Facellia
*Facel III
*Facel 6

External links

* [http://www.facel-vega.com/ The Facel Véga Home Page]
* [http://www.facel-vega-ig.de Facel Vega Club Germany + Spare Parts!]
* [http://video.google.de/videosearch?q=facel+vega/ Videos with Facel Vega´s!]
* [http://www.motorbase.com/manufacturer/3/5/ Motorbase profile]
* [http://www.canadiandriver.com/articles/bv/facel_vega.htm CanadianDriver profile]
* [http://www.allpar.com/cars/adopted/facel-vega.html Facel Vega article on Allpar]
* [http://www.best-classics.de/facel/ Retro Website about Facel Vega]