Ross Island

Ross Island

Infobox Islands
name = Ross


image caption = Map of Ross Island
locator

map_custom = no
nickname =
location = Antarctica
coordinates = coord|77|40|S|168|00|E|type:isle|display=inline,title
archipelago =
total islands =
major islands =
area = convert|2460|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on
length =
width =
highest mount = Erebus
elevation = convert|3794|m|ft|0|abbr=on
population =
population as of =
density =
ethnic groups =
country = Antarctica
additional info = Administered under the Antarctic Treaty System

Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea by Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound. Its area is 2,460 km² (950 sq mi); only a small portion of the island is free of ice and snow. Sir James Clark Ross discovered it in 1841, and it was later named in honour of him by Robert F. Scott. The planet's southernmost active volcano, Erebus (3794 m), as well as the dormant volcano Terror (3230 m), are situated on the island. They were named by Ross after his ships HMS "Erebus" and HMS "Terror". The third highest elevation is Mount Bird.

Despite its relatively small size, Ross Island is the world's 6th highest island.

Ross Island was the base for many of the early expeditions to Antarctica. It was and still is the southernmost island reachable by sea. Huts built by Scott's and Shackleton's expeditions are still standing on the island, preserved as historical sites.

Ross Island lies within the boundaries of Ross Dependency, which is claimed by New Zealand.

Today Ross Island is home to New Zealand's Scott Base, and the largest Antarctic settlement, the U.S. Antarctic Program's McMurdo Station. Greenpeace established World Park Base on the island and it ran for five years, from 1987 to 1992.

Ross Island supports a colony of approximately half a million Adélie Penguins, which call this frigid climate home.

See also

* Erebus Ice Tongue
* List of antarctic and sub-antarctic islands
* McMurdo Sound
*Ross Sea

References

*

External links

* [http://www.niwascience.co.nz/pubs/wa/11-3/map NIWA New Zealand]


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